Love and Sacrifice

Love and Sacrifice Making sacrifices for love and saving love by doing sacrifices can be very difficult. But not for Della and Jim. They would do anything for love. They were poor but they still did anything they could do for each other. They sacrificed their most valuable and prized possessions for each other. Now that’s what I call love. â€Å"Sacrifice is a part of life. It’s supposed to be. It’s not something to regret. It’s something to aspire to. (Mitch Albom) Both Della and Jim sacrifice something they love deeply for an even deeper love, each other. Della sacrificed her hair and would have â€Å"mocked it at her Majesty’s jewels and gifts† (Henry, 99) if she could, it was that valuable to her.But she loved her husband so much she gave her hair up just for him. On the other hand, Jim had a family watch that was so precious to him that if â€Å"King Solomon been a janitor †¦ Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passe d †¦ to see him [King Solomon] pluck his beard from envy. (Henry, 99) Della and Jim loved each other so much they gave up their most beloved items. â€Å"Love is composed of a single soul inhabiting two bodies. † (Aristotle) Della loved Jim so much that when she sold her hair for twenty dollars â€Å"she was ransacking the stores for Jim’s present. † (Henry, 99) She wanted to find the perfect gift for him, so she sold her most prized possession to buy a gold chain for his valuable watch face.Also Della said a very romantic thing to Jim showing how much she loved him. You needn’t look for it [Della’s hair] †¦ it’s sold, I tell you – sold and gone too †¦ Be good to me, for it went for you. † (Henry, 101) When Della said this to Jim it showed how much she really sacrificed her hair just for his love. You don’t need money for love you need to sacrifice. Della and Jim are poor but very in love. So in love, which they gave up their favorite possessions for each other. That is amazing to do something that hard for someone else. That really shows what people will do for love.

Psychology and Multiple Choice

Psychologists who accept the model tend to seek universals and do not believe there are Individual differences in behavior. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Score: Your Answer : neuroscience Correct Answer : neuroscience The Choices Were: neuroscience cognitive humanistic behavioral Psychologists who believe in are most likely to attempt to understand diversity in ethnic background as an influence on behavior. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer : Individual differences Correct Answer : Individual differences individual differences free will determinism universal principles del tend to look for the uniqueness of every individual.Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer : humanistic Correct Answer : humanistic psychodrama Although their interests are diverse, psychologists share a common Multiple Choice I I. Opts Your Answer : Interest In mental processes and behavior. Correct Answer : interest in mental processes and behavior. Interest in mental processes and behavior. Concern for apply ing their knowledge to social situations. Interest in the study of animal behavior. Respect for the ideas of psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. The scientific study of s the primary focus of psychology.Multiple Choice I 1 . Opts Your Answer : behavior and mental processes Correct Answer : behavior and mental processes behavior and mental processes how people live and work paranormal experiences people with psychological disorders In explaining human behavior and mental processes, psychologists try to achieve all the following goals EXCEPT Multiple Choice | 1. Pets Your Answer : manipulation. Correct Answer : manipulation. Description. Prediction. Explanation. Manipulation. The primary difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is that MultipleChoice | 1. Pets Your Answer : psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. Correct Answer : psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. The Choices Were: psychologists have more formal education than do psychiatrists. Psychiatrists are physicians who specialize in psychological disorders. Psychologists are more likely than psychiatrists to have a Used degree. Psychologists are unlikely to have education beyond the bachelor's degree. Currently, there are dominant perspectives in psychology.Multiple Choice I Correct Answer : five one five nine hearten A psychologist who adopts the perspective would be interested in how cells in the nervous system transmit information to each other. Multiple Choice | 1. Pets DRP. Reams is a psychologist who is working to develop a drug treatment for Parkinson disease. Knowing nothing else about DRP. Reams, with what perspective in psychology do you think she would closely identify? Multiple Choice | 1. Pets Your Answer : neuroscience Correct Answer : neuroscience neuroscience DRP. Anthony is a psychologist who researches the hereditary influences of schizophrenia.Knowing nothing else about DRP. Anthony, with what perspective in Your Answer : neuroscience Which psychological approach is most closely associated with Sigmund Freud? Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer : psychodrama Correct Answer : psychodrama â€Å"Slips of the tongue† and dreams are seen by psychologists as revealing the unconscious mind's true beliefs or wishes. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Those who identify with the psychodrama perspective emphasize Multiple Choice Your Answer : unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior. Correct Answer : unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior.The Choices Were: unconscious rather than conscious causes of behavior. Observable behavior rather than mental processes. Mental processes of which the person is aware, rather than those that are hidden from awareness. Intentional rather than unintentional actions. Which perspective asserted that psychology should focus solely on observable behaviors that can be objectively measured? Multiple Choice | 1. Pets Your Answer : behavioral Correc t Answer : behavioral A main theme of the humanistic approach is that Your Answer : people have free will to make their own decisions.Correct Answer : people have free will to make their own decisions. The Choices Were: people have free will to make their own decisions. Behavior is genetically or environmentally determined. Unconscious conflicts dominate personality. Thoughts and emotions can be understood biologically. With their emphasis on human potential and free will, and figures in the humanistic perspective. Multiple Choice 1 1. Pets Your Answer : Carl Rogers; Abraham Moscow Correct Answer : Carl Rogers; Abraham Moscow Sigmund Freud; Carl Jung Carl Rogers; Abraham Moscow John Watson; B. F.

Parallels between Gilgamesh and Genesis Essay

I. Introduction: Today, we are often bombarded with various inventions and discoveries coming from different parts of the world. But it is with great amazement when we look upon the advancement made by an ancient civilization that has come to be acknowledged as the cradle of civilization, Mesopotamia, at a time when most of its neighboring people-group was pursuing a nomadic life. Not only have they revolutionized human society through its invention of the wheel, writing too, must have originated in this place as shown by the Epic of Gilgamesh. Ancient as it is, being one of the world’s earliest-known epic poetry (â€Å"Epic†) taken from Sumeria and which the Babylonians developed into a long poem, it is undoubtedly beautiful; and ancient as it may be, high respect should be given   to it as one of the literary masterpieces of mankind. Genesis on the other hand, is the first book of the Bible. Genesis is the Greek word for â€Å"beginning† or â€Å"origin†, and is a Greek translation derived from the Hebrew b’reshith meaning â€Å"in the beginning†, the first word in the Old Testament. II. Meaning and Importance A. Epic of Gilgamesh At the outset, as one reads through the poem, it would readily display the glorification of the central figure, the historical warlike king of Uruk —Gilgamesh. All throughout the poem, the reader is led through his many exploits and achievements of Gilgamesh that gives the over-all impression of a constancy of battle-like stance. This I would not find surprising since this people’s land was always subjected to crisis such as the threat of invasion or the flooding of the rivers. As to the story, it relates much on how he has overcome every opponent, obstacles, and almost everything he had set out to do. Such achievements were made possible and justifiable as the narrative describes the super-human nature of the lead figure — being two-thirds divine and one-third human. How Gilgamesh emerges as a conqueror comprises the first part of the story. It would seem that the author wants to establish the fact that all the hopes and aspirations of its people are embodied in Gilgamesh. The first part shows and proves that whatever man could aspire to achieve or be has been done by the superhuman Gilgamesh. The second part directs the story towards the king’s bid for immortality through his quest for the immortalized Uta-Napishtim. Structurally speaking, these two parts (which would almost appear as unrelated) divides the story. Both would seem to take the reader into two different directions, driving down two different points. The death of Enkidu serves as the turning point that separates the two parts. What serves for continuity for the narrative are the inherent traits of Gilgamesh’s character — his fearlessness and obstinacy to be undaunted by obstacles. What is also a unique trait of the account of Gilgamesh is that the reading of the story is through a transcription of an oral story-telling, which the narrator in the story also revealed as a transcribed oral story of ancient times. Just as Gilgamesh was described as half-human and half-divine, so is the overall nature of the story. The narrator convinces its listeners and readers alike of the real existence of the king. However, its way of convincing is ironic since it proves the authenticity of its story through the existence of the very walls of the city of Uruk which we, present-day readers would find nowhere but in the walls of our imagination (â€Å"Assro-Babylonian Mythology: Gilgamesh†). The epic serves not only as a literary feat for early civilization; it also bears the identity of the early settlers of the Tigris-Euphrates area. However, its relevance supersedes its cultural identity. This ancient story connects its people with us and all of humanity as they ponder the same question which afflicts all men — death, the destiny of every man. It also attempts to answer whether any mortal man could possibly escape it and also the mystery of what lies ahead after death. In finding the answer and conclusion to these questions lies the significance of the two parts of the story. As mentioned, the first part is given to prove the semi god-like abilities of Gilgamesh. If he then, who bears such qualities failed in his bid for immortality, as shown on the second part, how much more for ordinary mortals? The narrative convinces its hearers or readers of the inevitability of death and must resign oneself of this fact. The most that man can do is to be fearless in facing it, the way Gilgamesh triumphantly faced death together with Enkidu in the great Cedar Forest. However, its main conclusion is: that man is powerless to escape it. B. Genesis Genesis originated as part of a larger literary unit that was only later broken up into books. That larger unit is the religious history of ancient Israel, usually called the Pentateuch. In it were traced Israel’s origins from its chief formative experiences down to its settlement in the land of Palestine. Also incorporated into the narrative were law codes formulated at various times in Israelite history. The entire complex came to be ascribed to Israel’s founder and first lawgiver, Moses. This position has been modified as a result of modern Biblical scholarship. Genesis is a logical division of the original text of the Pentateuch. It represents a twofold introduction to the story of Israel’s formation as a â€Å"covenant people†Ã¢â‚¬â€God’s chosen people. The patriarchal history comprises cycles of stories relating to three major figures of the pre Israelite past, namely Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, together with supplementary traditions about other ancestors who were of secondary interest. After an introductory genealogy there appears first the story of Abraham and Isaac. Included is a fragmentary history, possibly of Moabite origin, of Lot, the ancestor of the Moabites and Ammonites, who were related to the Israelites. There is also the history of Ishmael, who is regarded as the ancestor of the Arab peoples. The second major cycle is that of Isaac and Jacob. This cycle also contains supplementary material, some of the Edomites origins, relating to Esau, ancestor of the Edomites. Finally, there is the extensive and distinctive story of Joseph, the major intrusions into which are a variant history of Judah in chapter 38 and the â€Å"blessings† of the Israelite tribes in Chapter 49. Chapter 1 tells of God’s act of creation. Chapters 2-11 record human history from Adam to Abraham and describe the Garden of Eden, the Tower of Babel, and the Flood. The connecting link between all these parts of Genesis as well as between it and the other books of the Pentateuch, which it introduces, is a concept of divine intervention in man’s history. This concept has been given the name Heitsgeschichte, â€Å"salvation history†. Israel believed itself to be the product of a history in which it had encountered a God who had made it His Covenant people. The great events of this history are traced—the Exodus from Egypt; the experiences of the Red Sea, of Sinai, and of Kadesh, where Israel waited outside the Promised Land; and the occupation of the Promised Land. All these reveal a God of mercy and kindness, though also of justice and retribution, a God who had chosen Israel out of simple, gratuitous love. This historical perspective was imposed in Genesis both on the patriarchal legends that had been derived from Palestine and on the mixed Mesopotamian- Palestinian myths and sagas from which the book’s first chapters are constructed. Thus in Genesis, Creation is seen no longer as mere myth, that is, as a religious conviction visualized in narrative. It is instead, the first in a series of God’s saving acts, by which he had brought forth an ordered universe out of primordial formlessness. Man was placed in that world as God’s image and likeness, to be its ruler. But men improved unequal to the task. His wilfulness set him in opposition to God and introduced disorder into the world. After this followed murder and the hatred of man for man, for example, Cain and Abel, Lamech and the Cainites, even cosmic disorder, which the story of the sons of God and the daughters of men attempts to, explain. The Flood is understood in Genesis as both divine retribution and mercy: it brought an end to an evil generation, but a faithful remnant was preserved in the person of the righteous Noah and those who were saved for his sake. III. Gilgamesh and the Flood in the Bible The epic makes mention of the Flood in reference with one of the oldest books of the Bible. Similarities of the two accounts were the flood, the gigantic boat, and the fact that animals and living creatures were made to come aboard along with the one human family who entered the boat. There are major disparities though as to the recounting of the event. In the account of the Bible, the coming of the Great Flood in Noah’s days was not held as a secret before men, whereas in the story of Gilgamesh, the gods have intended to have it kept as a secret. Noah was even commanded by God to preach and warn the people of its coming (as a sign of His mercy) while he builds the ark. The people however, did not listen and even taunted Noah. Such reactions may have been likely since many Bible scholars believe that prior to this incident, rain had not yet fallen on the earth. In the Bible account, the door of the ark was supernaturally closed and opened by God alone. Noah had no power or aut hority over it. In Gilgamesh’s, the sealing of the door bears no spiritual meaning. Noah’s God and the gods in Gilgamesh were shown to have deeply regretted the sending of the flood that has wiped out humanity expect for those inside the great boat. One of the gods in the epic was displeased at first with the survivors, while the God of Noah readily blessed them. IV. Conclusion The work unfolds before us the thoughts and intents of the Sumerians and the rest of the Mesopotamians. Like the rest of most societies, they give enormous significance to fame and wealth. Fearlessness is held as a great virtue, born out perhaps of their constant living in fear of antagonizing their gods who they believed caused them all their troubles. Although Mesopotamians have achieved much, they did hold a pessimistic view. Life, it seemed for them, was a constant struggle a struggle against the forces of nature and the caprices of their gods. Towards the end of the story, even the endeavors of men would come to nothing as he comes to the end of his life. â€Å"Eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow we shall die† would have been the guiding principle of Mesopotamians. Perhaps so, since one historian had noted that over forty percent of their grain production was used to make beer. Although we discuss this epic as an ancient story, the quest for the answers about life and death still continuous to haunt several people even to this present-day. Above all, however, Biblical critics of the 20th century are willing to measure Genesis by historical standards other than those of the 19th century. By those standards Genesis was condemned or defended in the time of the â€Å"Babel and Bible† controversy. That dispute developed when the Sumerian and Akkadian literatures of ancient Mesopotamia were discovered and deciphered in the 19th century. The conclusion was easily drawn that the message of Genesis was of no more relevance to the history of religions than the myths of Babylonia, whatever might be the other values of the book. But the 20th century idea of history is more attuned to that which inspired the authors of Genesis. This view recognizes that recording specific facts and dares is not the, real object of history writing. Rather, the aim is to discover and portray realities that challenge human experience and demand an accounting. By the criteria of historicism Moses can hardly said to have existed; yet Israel itsel f is the historical witness of Moses. Genesis and the Epic of Gilgamesh are two great books that could inspire people when they read it. The facts and information’s are somewhat intertwined in some ways. These two books should be treasured and cherished especially by those who want to know the history of our forefathers, their fall and how they were saved by a mighty Creator.

Appreciating Life as the Central Theme of the Movie Awakenings Essay

Appreciating Life as the Central Theme of the Movie Awakenings - Essay Example The plot of the movie directly relates to the primary theme in a very literal way. In telling the story of people whose lives have been taken away from them, in effect, via a medical illness for which there is no cure, overtly conveys the value of life. Though the patients are living and breathing individuals, they are extremely constrained in terms of movement, communication, independence and common daily activities that most people engage in every day without a second thought. They must live in an institutional environment where they are under constant supervision and care and cannot enjoy any of the trappings of ‘normal’ life such as love, activities, work, recreation and the pursuit of personal interests and fulfilment. As the movie focuses on the solitary and sedentary nature of these patients lives during the early parts of the film, the changes that occur when they are dosed with the new drug are made even more apparent, exciting and moving by contrast as the audi ence begins to see them leave their comatose states and become active individuals who each have a unique personality. Each patient, in particular Leonard the protagonist, is so utterly appreciative and excited by this new lease of life, that it forces the audience to relate to positive aspects of their own lives in a more appreciative way. As the narrative continues and the audience slowly realises that the effects of the drug are limited and of a short duration, this delivers a dramatic impact as life is again snatched away from the patients. As we see Leonard eventually retreat back to his vegetative state and his acceptance of his fate, it re-instates the vulnerability of life and the massive importance we must place on its value while we have it. The fact that Leonard tries to make the most of the rest of his time as an active individual despite understanding his destiny, is extremely moving and it effectively emphasises the theme of the movie. One scene in particular, where Leo nard dances with his love interest and tries to savour each moment of it as he knows it is his last, is particularly poignant. The setting of the story amidst a hospital environment also effectively serves to emphasise the movie’s theme. Hospitals are synonymous with death, illness and the mortality of life and this setting immediately relates to these ideas. Seeing characters taking medication, undergoing medical treatment and generally being in vulnerable and fragile states is directly indicative that life is a precious gift that should not be taken for granted. Sickness is often something that healthy people take for granted, in that, if they are not sick, they tend to focus on other problems within their lives, to the detriment of not enjoying their lives as much as they should. It is usually only when people are diagnosed with an illness that they begin to appreciate all that having a healthy body and mind means. In this medical setting, this theme is very dramatically c onveyed both literally and symbolically. Through the portrayal and development of characters the movie also explores its life-affirming theme. From the perspective of Leonard it is perhaps examined at its deepest level as the audience witnesses this character go from a catatonic state, to a thoroughly active

Ideal Country Project- Saudi Aribia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ideal Country Project- Saudi Aribia - Essay Example Autocracy? Republic? etc) Read about the forms of government to explain why you have chosen this particular one (Monarchy, Communist, Parliamentary System, Constitutional Republic)Â   Democratic Government exists in the country. It is essential that individuals living in a State should have their say in the appointments of the runners of the state. It Is therefore decided that the ideal State should have a democratic system of republic and a Parliamentary system should be running. The members of the parliament would be chosen by the people themselves. The State has both natural and artificial boundaries. The artificial boundaries exist on the Western and the Eastern sides with Red Sea and Persian Gulf respectively. While artificial boundaries exist on the North and the South side with Jordan, Iraq and Kuwait and on the Southern side with Yemen and Oman States. The green color is the major color of the flag. It has been chosen because Islam is the major color religion followed by the majority of the population. Green color is considered as the trademark for the religion of Islam by the consensus of the majority. The white moon demonstrates the following of the lunar calendar by the State. The brown colored quadrilateral depicts the desert terrain of the State. The state of the Kingdom of Islam faces a number of issues with respect to its population and terrain. A part of these problems are related to the technological advancements and globalization of the present day world. Since English is not the native language of the State the majority of the natives have problems conversing fluently with their peers in the rest of the world. This may limit the spread of the extent of globalization in the said country. Some other problems being faced by the masses is gender inequality. In line with the teachings of Islam women are require to stay indoors unless an extreme urgency emerges compelling them to leave their abode and go out into the commercial market. Men

Employment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Employment - Research Paper Example Unemployment has various effects on the economy and on people, which has caused substantial problems to wellbeing of the nation. According to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, unemployment has serious effects on an individual’s emotional and sociological condition. Employment is a shunned upon the issue in today society. Therefore, those that are unemployed undergo past several societal changes that may affect their sociological state of mind. The U.S society views those that are unemployed as slackers and hardly empathizes with the jobless people. The unemployed persons go through the pain of knowing that, they have no job themselves, while on the same time, having to face the lack of ability to protect this fact, from the environment surrounding them (Strand, Novo and Hammarstrom 1). When one falls deeply in this situation the entire state of mind can be damaged. Some even consider the unemployed as a burden to the country. However, the unemployed people work as harder as the employed people to upkeep themselves only that they do not have a recognized job. The eventual effects of being unemployed beco me so detrimental that the unemployed face-losing essential parts of their lives. Some lose their cars, home, and even families. Unemployment has an impact on society as a whole. The unemployed people are capable of making a significant contribution to the public, but they are incapable of doing so because of their unfortunate circumstances. This has mandated the U.S government to disburse unemployment settlement to the unemployment leading to the straining of the government budget. The government is in turn forced to borrow from organizations such as the World Bank to have enough budget funds to make such payments, as currently unemployment is on the increase (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). The experience of unemployment causes long-term consequences; both amplified probability of potential unemployment and lesser

Burger King Beefs Up Global Operations Case Study

Burger King Beefs Up Global Operations - Case Study Example The company today enjoys a larger foreign market than its main MacDonald. Burger King’s core competency lies in the unique method it uses to cook hamburger. Burger King cooks using flame- broiled method, different from grills that fry. This relates to the company’s service delivery options to its customers. It also offers a variety of options to its customers on how they prefer the burgers served to them. Most of Burger Kings restaurants are in the United States. Since the company started in 1954, its menu has extended to include breakfast, chicken, fish, and salad as part of the menu. Whopper sandwich is until today considered the firm’s signature product. Burger King started in 1954 as InstaBurger King. It went public in 2006 and has since then operated autonomously. The company grew to five restaurants by 1959. It was still in Miami, Florida and operated as a private firm. The name changed to Burger King in 1959 when it started domestic franchising. Pillsbury bought it 1967, after which franchising improved considerably. Pillsbury, in 1989, sold the company to the British company Grand Metropolitan. The merging of Grand Metropolitan and Guinness later formed Diageo, in 1997. The company has well-structured advertisement campaign. It uses big campaign companies outsmarting its competitors. The United States is nearly a full-grown market for fast food despite the growth opportunities available. This is particularly for hamburgers. Burger Kings plans to increase its market to international scale (Parasuraman, Grewal, & Krishnan, 2006). The company targets countries with a large population, mainly of young people, high beef demand and consumption. Other factors include capital availability for franchising and a favorable business environment. McDonalds is the main competitor of Burger Kings. International expansion of Burger Kings is, however, higher than McDonald’s. This presents both

The supply chain of Walmart Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The supply chain of Walmart - Essay Example This expose elucidates on the effects of inventory management on the strategic goals of the supply chain. Lee and Billington (1997) noted that the â€Å"supply chain must ultimately be measured by its responsiveness to customers† (p. 67). In order to achieve this strategy in the supply chain, a companys inventory management must be efficient in delivering products to customers on a timely manner. While recognizing the importance of efficient inventory management, it is important to point out that a customer’s order may involve multiple lines of shipment or even one shipment of goods. In effect, proper management of a company’s inventory along the supply chain will help determine the speed of a companys responsiveness to its customer’s orders. On the other hand, the failure to institute proper inventory management systems in the supply chain will result to failures on the supply chain strategy of responsiveness to customers requirements. A company designs its supply chain strategy so that it can maintain a competitive edge over its competitions in the ever-increasing competitive business world. Lee and Billington (1997) noted the need by customers to know when their deliveries will arrive after they placed their orders (p. 67). In effect, the failure by companies to keep their customers posted on a regular basis regarding their deliveries, especially during delays, causes discontent, loss of goodwill, and confusion from the customers. Effectively, a company may lose its competitiveness due to its failure to manage inventory effectively along the supply chain especially in times of delay in delivery. Another key strategy by companies in their supply chains is the importance of maintaining low logistics costs, which will not have an effect on the supply chain’s responsiveness. As a result, inventory management will play a crucial role in achieving this goal by

Vitamin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Vitamin - Essay Example btain vitamins was from eating the right balance of the right food containing exactly the right about of which vitamins you needed, a process that was difficult and not always exact. However, now we can take vitamin pills to make sure we receive all of the vitamins we need in order to be healthy. These vitamin supplements allow us to receive the right amounts of all the vitamins out body needs, and allows us to stay healthy without having to eat more food than we really need. Vitamins are very important to our body, and we need to be sure to take the right amounts of the vitamins we need. Eating fruits and vegetables can make up most of these vitamins, which are already part of a healthy diet. Vitamins are important nutrients that our body needs in order to survive. These nutrients work with our body to help several of our body’s functions work properly, and help many of the different reactions that take place inside the body. Without these important vitamins to help start, or even sometimes end these reactions, our body would be left with no outlet to which conduct these important reactions. Vitamins are important in many chemical reactions that take place inside the body, such as the extreme importance of Vitamin K in the bodily process that leads to blood clotting. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamins). In the past, vitamins were only originally let into the body by food intake. This means that a person only received the vitamins that they needed directly from the food they ate. However, foods have different balances of vitamins, so if you change your diet or are eating the improper amount of certain foods, you could end up with a huge vitamin deficiency and not be healthy. This can lead to adverse effects in the human body, and eventually â€Å"Disease caused by a deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D and E) has always been rare. Levels of water-soluble vitamins (all B-vitamins and C) can become deficient state in the body in a matter of days (hours in

Anything that is commonly discussable or interesting Research Paper

Anything that is commonly discussable or interesting - Research Paper Example In Medieval Latin, it was considered to be a â€Å"crime against nature†. In today’s world, some believe that it is a natural desire, not an acquired behavior or lifestyle choice, therefore, it is moral. On the other hand, some believes that this behavior is an adaptation, not inherent nature of human being. It distorts the divine mandate (procreation), marriage, physical and psychological health of human being, therefore, it is immoral. This research paper posits that homosexuality is unnatural and it defies the sanctity of marriage, divine purpose of procreation, and therefore, it is immoral practice. One of the major reasons behind the opposition of homosexual relationship is that it is unnatural, therefore, immoral and must not be practiced. Corvino argues that most of the opposition for homosexuality stems from five basic interpretations of â€Å"naturalness†. He exclaims what unnatural really means for opponents. There are many things that people value and consider ethical are unnatural, for instance, clothing, housing, medicine, government or organizational systems. On the other hand, people detest many natural things, such as, death, misery, disease. Later events are entirely natural but people find it hard to accept them (309). In order to understand opponents’ idea of unnatural, Corvino borrows its five definitions from Burton Leiser. Firstly, Leiser believes that what is unusual or abnormal is unnatural. It implies that homosexual relationship deviates from the norm and what most people practice. It is obvious that most people get into heterosexual relationship; however, Corvino argues that it does not make homosexual relationship wrong. He asserts that most people don’t learn Sanskrit, play mandolin, pilot ships, breed goats, or write with both hands, yet none of these are considered immoral on the basis of their unusualness (310). He further quotes Ramsey

Financial Analysis Of Marks & Spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Financial Analysis Of Marks & Spencer - Essay Example Marks & Spencer Board comprises of the Chairman, Chief Executive, one executive director. The Board is responsible for the success of the company. Through the Chief Executive, the Board delegates to management the overall performance of the company through the setting of clear objectives, building long-term management capability and ensuring that the business is managed in conformity with the business principles.  Marks & Spencer Board comprises of the Chairman, Chief Executive, one executive director, and four on-executive directors. The Board is responsible for the success of the company. Through the Chief Executive, the Board delegates to management the overall performance of the company through the setting of clear objectives, building long-term management capability and ensuring that the business is managed in conformity with the business principles.   Marks & Spencer is into food, clothing, household items, and financial services business located in the UK with some wholly- owned and franchised operations worldwide. 49.9% of business in the UK is derived from food sales which account for 3.2% of market share1. Food sales were up 2.4% in 2005, however, in 2006 food sales were up by 7%. M & S significant international presence contributed 9.1% to the Group’s pre-tax profits in 2006. Most of these profits were a result of strong food sales. Food comprises of a big chunk of M&S retail business.   M&S food has a sound reputation for outstanding quality and innovation.

Women and Anime Essay Example for Free

Women and Anime Essay Meanwhile, ever since the huge international box office success of Star Wars (released, coincidentally, in 1977, the same year as Space Cruiser Yamato), a growing number of Hollywood blockbusters might best be described as live-action anime. Kathleen Kennedy, executive producer of Steven Spielbergs The Lost World, has acknowledged that Spielbergs method of conceiving a movie closely resembles the composition of an animated film in the sense that the visual ideas precede the story. The computer-generated images used so lavishly in The Lost World, and in other recent Hollywood films, are in essence animation drawn by computers. From this it might be deduced that the gap between physical reality and peoples image of it is widening in other countries as well. That said, there is an undeniable difference between animation-like live-action and live-action-like animation. At the heart of this difference lies the Japanese peoples deeply entrenched sense of self-loathing, extending even to their own ethnic traits. The famous British science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke once published a short story in which aliens, visiting earth after the human race is destroyed by nuclear war, use Disney movies to study the extinct human species, never realizing that the films do not represent real life. Needless to say, Clarke wrote the story as a joke. But his joke is uncannily close to the actual situation in Japan today. And the concern that situation ultimately raises is that the Japanese people, like the human race in Clarkes short story, have engineered their own extinction. There is the story told by Ide Toshiro, who co-wrote the script for the movie Aoi sanmyaku (The Green Hills of Youth, directed by Imai Tadashi), an enormous hit in 1949, during the Allied Occupation. Speaking of the movies last scene, where the high school hero Rokosuke walks along the shore with his girlfriend Terasawa Shinko shouting, I love Terasawa Shinko! I love her, I do! Ide reveals the script originally had him yelling, I hate Terasawa Shinko! I hate her, I do! Of course, this is simply an example of reverse psychology at work. Everyone knows Rokusuke is in love with Shinko. However, such rewrite kills the nuance conveyed by the original line, namely that Rokusuke is trying (rather transparently) to conceal his emotional vulnerability. How, then, did I hate you become I love you? The problem is that these days it would seem just as false to say I hate you in such a scene. How, then, is an actor to perform? This is precisely the problem Aoi Yoji confronts when he criticizes Japanese dramatists for reeling off line after self-satisfied line that actors are viscerally unable to make their own, justifying it by saying thats my style. Aoi complains with good reason that actors are forever struggling with dialogue that has little style and even less substance, and since they have to render the material in some way, they have no choice but to resort to cheap theatrics. These idea discussed in the foregoing essay appears in unusually explicit form inn the 1998 live-action sci-fi movie Andoromedia (Andromedia). This is the story of a brilliant computer scientist who loses his only daughter Mai in a traffic accident but then resurrects her in cyberspace as an artificial life form named AI — pronounced like ai, the Japanese word for love, but being also the acronym for artificial intelligence. However, whereas Mai (played by Shimabukuro Hiroko, member of the teen pop group Speed) has black hair and eyes, AIs hair and eyes are both bluish, and her skin is lighter as well. In other words, Mai has undergone a drastic ethnic bleaching upon her digital resurrection. Andromeda would have us believe that instead of going to heaven when they die, the Japanese go to virtual heaven and become Caucasians. In 1999, George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars, released the fourth movie of the series, Star Wars Episode 1: The Phantom Menace. The film uses a tremendous amount of computer-generated images, so much so that producer Rick McCallum commented that it could be regarded s the first animated movie in history that was as realistic as live action. Inasmuch as Star Wars Episode 1 is fundamentally a live-action movie, saying it could also be called an animated movie with all the realism of live action not only places animation on a par with live action but also implies that there are live-action movies without the realism of live action. By ignoring the difference between reality pretending to be cartoons and cartoons pretending to be reality, McCallums words eloquently attest to the fact that the gap between live action and animation is closing in the West as well. It would seem that Japan is not the only country where peoples vision of reality is undergoing a process of animation. Conclusively, the tendency of Japanese to reject their own history and traditions in favor of a Western ideal has undermined live-action film also by affecting the performances of Japanese screen actors. An obvious example is the inability of todays younger actors to portray Japanese of earlier eras with authenticity. A live-action version of Princess Mononoke, for example, would be impossible to produce even if one could overcome budget constraints and the difficulty of its special effects. There are simply no young actors in Japan today who can wear the traditional clothing, duel with swords, or shoot arrows on horseback as convincingly as the animated characters in Miyazakis film. Bibliography/Sources 1) Boden Sean (2001), Women and Anime: Popular Culture and its Reflection of Japanese Society 2) Ibid (2002), Resistance to the Japanese State through Popular Culture. 3) Kenji Sato (2002), Media in Asia. 4) Shimomura, Roger (1999), An American Diary. Exhibition catalogue, Japanese American National Museum.

Development of Internet Television Service

Development of Internet Television Service EXTENDED INTERNET USAGE 1. Introduction The first question that arises in our mind when we are talking about the internet is â€Å"What is Internet?†. So Internet is basically Network of computers that is connecting millions and millions of computers globally. Over the past 4 decades Internet has undergone a huge transformation from being used in academic research and moved into a broader platform of commercial usage. With each and every passing day Internet is turning into an indispensable and essential part of our life. With each and every step taken towards improvement of the internet every sphere of our life is directly getting affected; it is not only making our tasks much easier but also saving us a lot of time 2. Uses Of Internet 1. Communication (Fig-1): It is one best things that internet has introduced worldwide. It is very easy nowadays to communicate with people who are living very far away from us with ease. Earlier it was a very difficult task to accomplish; now we can directly chat with people very easily. Video Conferencing is making it easier for people actually see each other while talking. Fig-1 (Communication) Fig-2 (Research) 2. Research (Fig-2):Few decades whenever we had to do some research we had through hundreds of books to find something which is of relevance. Since internet came into being we can say that â€Å"everything is just a click away†. We can easily search our topic using several search engines available to us using internet thus saving us a lot of time. 3. Education (Fig-3): There are books, reference books, study materials, Web-help centers are available online which makes education an easy and interesting experience. Websites are available that can help you gain knowledge about everything without taking the help of any other individual. There are tutorials and even test series available in the internet so that one can test this knowledge. Fig-3 (Education) Fig-4 (Financial Transaction) 4. Financial Transactions (Fig-4): With the use of internet Financial transactions a have become a much easier task as it was few years ago. Now instead of physically being present in the bank, we can directly log into the bank website and with the help of the provided authentication documents by the bank. Once we are inside our account we can do any transaction at our will. We can also do fixed deposits and Guaranteed investment Schemes directly through our online account 5. Real time updated (Fig-5): Any kind of news updated or any other happening or decision taken in once part of the world is available to us real time using the internet. There are websites available online through which we can actually get updates about almost every field be it business, finance, sports, entertainment, politics, Railways and airplane tracking. Fig-5(Real time Updates) Fig-6(Leisure) 6. Leisure (Fig-6): From watching videos to listening to your favorite music, watching movies, playing games, chatting with friends and family; all these leisure activities we do in our free time are with the use of internet only. Whenever we get time we prefer doing activities in the internet which would help us relax. Internet is something which can help us freshen up our mood in few minutes. 7. Online booking (Fig-7): Online booking of airplane tickets, movie tickets, railway tickets are not only hassle free but also easier task to accomplish. Instead to standing in a queue for hours we can now directly book tickets through the internet using desired website. Thus, making this process a less tedious and more reliable job. Fig-7 (Online Booking) Fig-8 (Job Search) 8. Job Search (Fig-8): There are countless number of websites available in the internet that gives us the information about vacancies in various companies. Even online application for the positions available. Job portal websites once anyone gets registered with them they will send you mails mentioning openings as per choice. 9. Blogging (Fig-9): People nowadays are interested in writing blogs. They have the option of publicize their work and it can reach people who as looking for a similar topic to discuss about. There are a lot of website available which can be used to write a blog, only registration with the website is required. Really good blog writers are sometimes contacted by big organization to write a blog about them. Moreover using Google AdSense money can also be earned on per click basis. Fig-9 (Blogging)  Fig-10 (Shopping) 10. Shopping (Fig-10): Online shopping has become one of the most attractive thing to do in the internet. People don’t have to leave their home just open some websites, Browse through the website and order their desirable product. One of the advantages of online shopping is that everything is available in each and every website. The product is directly delivered to your home. Product can also be returned back to the vendor if it not of good quality. 3. Extended Internet Usage Now as we have seen some basic uses of the internet. Let us discuss some more advanced uses. Even though there many additional uses of internet but we are going discuss about 4 main topics in this research paper. IPTV: Internet protocol Television(IPTV) is an assembly in which Television services are distributed over an IP network in a digitized form. So we can say that it uses the existing broadband network to deliver us a TV service which is more reliable, efficient and data is 100% digital, thus improving the overall quality over an analogue TV VOIP: Voice Over Internet Protocol(VOIP) is a system in which voice conversation can be conveyed over the IP network. The end user in a VOIP network has the authority to make telephone calls over the Broadband network. The Network used in such type of connections can be through the internet which makes it global or Intranet which makes it local the Inside Network of the company. Cloud Computing: Cloud Computing is a process in which data is stored in a Large centralized server or data storage unit. Thus providing an online access to the stored data as per requirement of the end user. The data stored in the cloud not only is shared my multiple users at the same time but also can be reallocated as per demand of the end user. Thus reducing the storage, power and space of data by using the same data for multiple users. MIRACAST: Miracast is basically a HDMI based dongle which is used for live streaming of Video and Audio channel without using an Access point. So a device which uses a point to point network technology which allows different devices to connect to each other using Wi-fi direct thus allowing them to share live streamed data. Now we will have an in-depth discussion of each and every topic separately discussing about their architecture, functioning, advantages etc. 4. IPTV 4.1 Introduction IPTV is basically an internet based television service which uses networking and architecture methods of the IP system over a Packet switching network structure. IPTV has 3 main groups in which it can be classified Live Television Time-Shift Program Video on Demand IPTV uses a set-top box which uses a broadband IP data network to access channels, subscription services and other multimedia services over and safe and end to end network. IPTV services are sometimes bundled with internet access and VOIP services altogether over the same infrastructure. IPTV is not as simple as someone watching a video over the internet. IPTV connection to home provided by telecom companies uses optical fiber and digital subscriber lines (DSL) to set up a link towards a housing compound. For Cable operators they use a hybrid fiber co-axial (HFC) cable to provide a broadband connection to the subscriber. IPTV incorporates the procurement, processing and safe delivery of all video content over an IP based Setup. The service provider uses various other service providers like satellite TV carriers, cable TV carriers, Telephone companies and private network operators to bundle up a single service which is provided to the end user. Figure. 11 shows the basic block diagram for a simplified IPTV system      Fig-11(Simplified IPTV network) 4.2 Features of IPTV There are some notable features of IPTV listed below Interactive TV: Rather than providing a half-duplex connection of the rudimentary cable TV connection, IPTV delivers us a two-way connection thus providing us an interactive TV packaged with services like High definition TV(HDTV),interactive games, learning programs, High speed internet browsing many more. Time Shift: IPTV when bundled with a digital video recorder (DVR) provides the end user the capability to record programs as per his choice. Thus providing him an option to time shifting of programming content. There are service providers who provide 7 days’ worth of data to be recorded in the DVR. Personalization: Due to a full-duplex bi-directional connection between the service provider and the end user, personalization option of the set-top box is available. The user can personalize what to watch, when to watch as per his comfort. Low Bandwidth Requirement: IPTV technology allows the service provider to stream only one channel which the end user has demanded rather than delivering each and every channel subscribed by the user Thus allowing the service provider to conserve bandwidth and reducing cost. Accessible to Multiple Devices: End user have the option of using their mobile, computers laptops to access the IPTV services instead of using television. 4.3 Architecture of IPTV The diagram (Fig-12) given below shows us the architecture of IPTV Fig- 12-IPTV System Architecture The functional blocks of IPTV architecture is given below Super Head End: The channels from the national broadcasters enter the IPTV network from here. The content here is processed, prepared and stored for transmission. Core Network: IP/MPLS Network technologies are used for transporting the traffic and to gain access to the network. Access Network: IPTV data streams are distributed to the DSLAMs Regional Head End: All the area specific local content is added to the network here. End User Premises: This is the termination point for the IPTV data stream. All Data is viewed at the customer end here. One super head available in the network can be used to serve millions of customers in the network by processing the video channels common to end users across the whole area. The IPTV delivery system is constructed in such a way that it can cover a large expanse of territory over the hierarchy of structure built to deliver the video content. Offices are located in each territory which are specially constructed to handle area specific local program and channels. 4.4 IPTV Networking Technologies The diagram (Fig-13) shows the structure of IPTV and Standardization bodies Fig-13 (IPTV Activities standardization bodies) DLNA: Digital Living Network Alliance is used for setting up the home network. HGI: Home Gateway Initiative sets up the standard adjoining the gateway between end user home network and broadband connection ISMA: Internet Streaming Media Alliance sets up the broadcast of the AVC video over IP. DSL Forum: Digital Subscriber Line is used for remote-management of residential gateways and set-top boxes. ITU: International Telecommunication Union standardizes the Distribution and access network architecture. ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute standardizes the IP network used for transmission of the IPTV. ATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service is standardizing the end to end IPTV architecture including contribution and distribution 4.5 Advantages of IPTV The signals which are used IPTV service s are 100% digital signals so better quality and easier to propagate. IPTV works on the existing internet connection, So if there is an available internet connection only the set-top box is needed to be installed and IPTV services can be used. IPTV services doesn’t require any kind of wires to get its signal. So a wireless system reduces the overhead of wires and wear tear of the wires with time. Programs can be stored in servers and can be viewed in accordance to the will of the end user thus providing flexibility. 5. VOIP 5.1 Introduction VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is a process of communication in which the user can make telephone calls over the IP network. To transmit voice Signals/Conversation over the existing Data network (Wireless/Broadband) using Internet protocol VOIP is used. VOIP technology can be used over the internet as well as over the local intranet for communication within the company or special private network which are used specially for long distance calls.

The threat of globalization for smaller firms

The threat of globalization for smaller firms Globalization has costs and benefits. There are examples of poorly managed economies. (eg when countries opened their economic borders before they had the capacity to respond well) but there are also examples of well managed countries thatengage well with international community. Many governments and supranational authorities have committed themselves to encouraging trade in the world economy and further reducing poverty through the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and are cooperating together to work out smart ways to manage globalization for their smaller firms /countries success in the world economy. Through the evaluation of the strategic management in the global competitive enviroment. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the process of the strategic management of smaller firms by governments and supranationals in the global competitive environment. Introduction and Background What is globalisation? Globalisation can be defined as the greater movement of people, goods, capital and ideas due to increased economic integration which in turn is propelled by increased trade and investment. It is like moving towards living in a borderless world. There has always been a sharing of goods, services, knowledge and cultures between people and countries, but in recent years improved technologies and a reduction of barriers means the speed of exchange is much faster. Globalisation provides opportunities and challenges. Bigger markets can mean bigger profits which leads to greater wealth for investing in development and reducing poverty in many countries. Weak domestic policies, institutions and infrastructure and trade barriers can restrict a countrys ability to take advantage of the changes. Each country makes decisions and policies that position them to maximise the benefits and minimise the challenges presented by globalisation. ( www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au) In a world economy, characterized by a high level of changes over the past few years, we can say that the world does not appear any more like it was in the past. Indeed so many transformations have been done in terms of government regulations, business, telecommunications, technology, research and development, customers needs and tastes, reduction in barriers to free trade and the world with all these factors have led to a great convergence. All these transformations are leading our national economies into a global system or a global economy, i.e. an independent, integrated global economic system therefore a process that we can refer to as globalization. Hence, in the era of the globalization, it has been inevitable for national enterprises to globalize in order to gain for instance some competitive advantage, economies of scales, more market share, better skills. Indeed, nowadays, wherever a company operates, theses products or services would find some foreign competitors. ( Hill, 2006), The impact of globalization on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has received a lot of attention in international markets in the past few years. Today, globalization is a major driver that has impact on nearly every business. One of the reasons for the international focus on SMEs is that these firms make significant contributions to the economy of both developed and under-developed countries. SMEs contribute over 55 percent of GDP and over 65 percent of total employment in high-income countries (UNCTAD, 2004). In Middle and East Asia for example, SMEs are major players in their countries economy; accounting for a higher percent than what it represents in the developing countries. Globalization has that much impact on business forces which have added more drivers to Porters five Forces. One of these new drivers in business life was discussed in an article by Larry Downes in Beyond Porter says that technological progress in logistics and distribution enables nearly every business to buy, sell and cooperate on a global scale. Similarly, customers have the chance to compare prices globally in order to find the best offer. Many SMEs are now looking to go global. The markets are more accessible than ever before. However, most SMEs are finding it difficult to master the art of market entry, resulting in heavy losses. Globalization has increased competitive pressures on firms. Together with rapid technological change it has altered the environment in which SMEs operate. The bottom line is that, in an open and liberalized world, increasing SMEs competitiveness has become a major challenge. Globalization has also expanded competition both geographically and to new areas. Competition between companies was mainly on products and services, at least to the extent that markets were protected from foreign competition. There is a wealth of economic evidence that demonstrates that globalization brings great benefits as well as costs. It offers the opportunity for a higher rate of sustainable growth- growth that translates into longer, healthier lives and improved living standards. But, if we look at another side of picture then it has been proven that some of the competitive obstacles often faced by the little fish in the big ocean. Compared to larger firms, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are generally less well-equipped to face increases in international trade. As a result of their lower productivity, many have found it difficult to compete. Also, given their limited resources, they have found it more difficult to take advantage of the removal of tariff barriers. Global markets are more integrated with more free flow of information, goods and services and migration. As a consequence of globalization we have seen the rise of the influence of large multi nationals, to the detriment of Small and Medium Enterprises. In response to this threat governments and supranational authorities have designed programs to protect and support these small firms to allow for their survival. Threat of globalization The increasing interdependence of countries in a globalised world makes them more vulnerable to economic problems for smaller firms like the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s. (J.O Ajiboye, Adeyunke Tella University of Botswana) Smaller firms will find it difficult to compete on the global level as they lack the financial and technical resources that multinationals have. In addition they lack the economies of scale which results in lower cost per unit for the multi nationals. Pricing could be a challenge since the smaller firms are likely to have high costs per unit. Larger firms have the capacity to undercut the smaller firms prices as a consequence of this competition between smaller and large firm would erode margins of smaller firms and some of them would end up making loses and winding up. It would be difficult for smaller firms to attract a highly skilled work force because multi nationals have the capacity to pay better packages as they will have more financial resources. This would pose a challenge for smaller firms to operate efficiently and effectively. High promotional, advertising and branding costs are a barrier to entry for small firms Cultural and religious factors can also affect competitiveness of small firms. For instance, in countries where Islam is a dominant religion in which strict adherence to halaal standards is a requirement, small firms may find it difficult to penetrate the market or to survive in such markets. Import restrictions can also affect small firm competitiveness. For example, in some countries such as Egypt, where there is an import ban on raw materials small firms may find it difficult to penetrate in such markets without a diversified global market base. Smaller firms may find it a challenge on the global market in terms of meeting certain international standards imposed by certain markets. Export restrictions may also pose a problem. In some markets there are restrictive export regulations which, smaller firms find difficult to comply with e.g, small firms in Africa exporting agricultural produce into European markets such as honey or paprika. Membership of a Trading blocs such Common Market For Eastern and Southern Africa COMESA, Southern African Development Community SADC and the European Union EU, inter alia, could be another source of hindrance to smaller firms. Countries that are not members of such trading blocs may find it difficult to trade with member countries. Further other government policies such as high taxes are a disincentive to investment. Small firms are likely to be affected by such taxes. Unlike multinationals, small firms are likely to suffer currency exchange losses. This is because small firms may not have capacity to hedge against such losses. Multinationals, operate in different markets and can easily cushion such effects. Multinationals have the capacity to produce better and cheaper goods as a result of the superior resource endowments such as modern technology and have larger budgets for research and development as compared to smaller firms. Purchase Power Parity is another factor to consider e.g, multinationals can procure inputs in countries where the currency has a higher PPP. Globalization poses new challenges for SMEs by leading them to at least partially integrate the consequent idea of global change in their strategy. The expansion of markets does not mean that only large businesses will be able to profit fully from this trend. There is no correlation between large market and large business. Whatever the cost, to encourage the competitiveness of large national businesses. A fish that has become bigger and bigger in its pond will be eaten when it reaches the sea; it is better to teach it how to fight when it is small so that it can deal with the competition, wherever it is. On the other hand, the internal factors constraining the globalization of SMEs are lack of experience on their part, insufficient resources and an excessive perception of risk. The major external factors are national information networks that are inadequate or poorly connected internationally, deficient complementary regional resources and assistance programs that are maladapted to SME requirements. In a number of countries, the positive factors appear to be gaining ascendance over the negative. The recently completed (1996) OECD study on market globalization and SMEs shows, on the one hand, that the major factors sustaining or accelerating SME globalization are as much a result of the internal dynamics of small businesses as of environmental support. In the first instance, searching for diversified growth, specific innovation-based production, and open-minded management capable of engaging the appropriate specialized resources, go a long way toward explaining the behavior of internationally open SMEs. The case of the environment presumes effective regional consulting, funding and logistical resources to support exports. (Pierre-Andrà © Julien Università © du Quà ©bec à   Trois-Rivià ¨res ) How Governments and other supranational authorities support small firms In order to support the small firms from the threats of globalization governments and other supranational have designed programmes to protect them as stated below. Examples of Supranational institutions that manage such programs are: Governments, COMESA, WTO, World Bank, AU, SADC,UN, ECOWAS, EU etc. Government support: Some of the different programs that must be designed include: Favorable bilateral and multilateral trade agreements which, support positive trade balances must be instituted by governments. This will ensure the growth of small firms thereby contributing to overall country growth. Governments should use their political influence to lobby for relaxed trade. Providing loan guarantees to small firms. Some of these guarantees involve partnerships with private banks or multilaterals such as the World Bank. Such policies help the smaller firm have access to finance. Governments also offer incentives and subsidies to allow the smaller firms compete on the international markets e.g. the Government of South Africa made deals with the Government of Zambia to allow a tax rebate of about five years also the EU also subsidies small scale farmers in the EU. Governments should introduce tax rebates on certain sectors of the industry e.g. in Zambia agricultural inputs are have zero tax to bring into the country to encourage more people engage in to agriculture and overall boost the economy for exports . Governments may devalue its currency to increase export volumes by allowing its exports to be cheaper e.g. China and Japan are practicing this. This should however be done carefully recognizing that it can be inflationary. Government should institute policies that encourage domestic trade through relevant monetary and fiscal policies. Government should encourage policies that support reduction of borrowing costs. Legal enactment of credit acts must be encouraged to protect the consumer. Government should provide grants to economic agents for capital injection. Government should encourage agencies such as the Zambia Development Agency which to provide support to help small and medium businesses become more innovative, efficient and competitive through a national network of services and support for eligible SMEs to access expert, practical advice and support tailored to their individual firms. 4.2 Supranational Support includes: Supranational authorities should introduce grants, loans and funding for small economies to encourage production and trade among countries. Supranational should endeavor to help less developed countries by exposing entrepreneurs to the international markets. Supranationals should facilitate trade expos to stimulate trade. eg traditional indigenous artifacts have found their way to the international markets. Fair trade policies play a bigger role in protecting trade, fair and stable price and institutes like the WTO should encourage this. Forums are another platform that these institutions have introduced to give a voice to the voiceless on issues of economic development e.g. G8 are encouraging world trade by adopting certain polices. Examples of supranational and their impact on globalization: 4.2.1. a International Monetary Fund (IMF) The IMF is a sister institution to the World Bank in the United Nations system. It shares the same international membership and the same goal of raising living standards in its member countries. It works to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth and reduce poverty. 4.2.1. b World Bank(WB) The World Bank Groups mission is to fight poverty and improve the living standards of people in the developing world. It is a development bank which provides low-interest loans, interest-free credit, grants, policy advice, technical assistance and knowledge sharing services to low and middle-income countries to reduce poverty. The Bank promotes growth to create jobs, and to empower poor people to take advantage of economic opportunities. The Bank is strongly committed to the Millennium Development Goals which target poverty. (www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/.) 4.2.1. c World Social Forum (WSF) The World Social Forum (WSF) is an amalgamation of many political/social movements from around the world. It was created to openly discuss alternatives to the model for globalisation formulated by the World Economic Forum, large multinational corporations, National Governments, IMF, the World Bank and the WTO. It is working to demonstrate that the path to sustainable development, social and economic justice lies in alternative models for people-centered and self-reliant progress, rather than in neo-liberal globalisation. (www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/.) 4.2.1. d World Trade Organisation (WTO) The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global international organisation dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the worlds trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. (www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/.) 5.0 Conclusion More and more SMEs are availing themselves of new material and immaterial technologies to increase their productivity. They are innovating to prolong the useful life of their products or to change these products. They are associating with large businesses or working in networks to boost their strike forces. These networks also provide them with international information to prevent them from being outpaced by change. But given the limitations of globalization, some Governments and supranational can have SMEs break away from increased competition by positioning them in specific niches. Globalization can offer as many opportunities for dynamic SMEs as obstacles for those that lag behind in modernizing their production processes or developing these niches which can give them at least temporary shelter from the pressures of new competition. There are social and economic costs to globalisation. Trade liberalisation rewards competitive industries and penalises uncompetitive ones, and it requires participating countries to undertake economic restructuring and reform to help smaller firms. Some countries have been unable to take advantage of globalisation and their standards of living are dropping further behind the richest countries. The gap in incomes between the 20% of the richest and the poorest countries has grown from 30 to 1 in 1960 to 82 to 1 in 1995 (www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/.). The major economic powers have a major influence in the institutions of globalisation, like the WTO, and this can work against the interests of the developing world. The level of agricultural protection by rich countries has also been estimated to be around five times what they provide in aid to poor countries. Trade liberalization and technological improvements change the economy of a country, destroying the traditional agricultural communities and allowing cheap imports of manufactured goods. (www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au/.) References and Biography www.globaleducation.edna.edu.au www.worldbank.org/ www.forumsocialmundial.org. www.wto.org/ www.ausaid.gov.au/ Michael Porter Johnson and Scholes, 1993

Technology - Software Security Lacking in Face of Deadlines :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Software Security Lacking in Face of Deadlines Abstract: This paper illustrates a moral dilemma regarding security measures of software releases. The presence of malicious hackers throughout the globe today is a practical reality; robust secure code ought to be a strong priority for software companies. However, faced with complications regarding deadline issues, language issues, security continues to pose problems with software today. Software companies must ultimately make a decision between balancing security robustness and commercial viability of their products. A cooperative effort by software companies and users to promote responsible and intelligent usage of products can lead to more security. In today’s rapidly expanding computer world, growing demands for functionality under shorter time frames have become common place. Software growth has also provided newer economic rewards and possibilities for many companies. As software has become more pervasive in function and usage, security problems regarding the products has become a real issue. Viruses, worms, and hackers have become more dangerous as computers have become more connected and require more complex software. Software, unfortunately, will always be subject to flaws and bugs. Software coding is a distinctly human process and hence subject to human error. It is precisely such errors prevalent within crucial software that can be exploited by malicious individuals. The presence of such hackers is an unwelcome and unfortunate reality; it is the responsibility therefore, of software creators to take into account potential security risks in creating their products. However, reducing security risks mean s more resources and time spent in a product. For commercial companies, the dilemma exists between providing a safe product and protecting their bottom line. Nonetheless, practical solutions exist for providing security to the software user, involving responsible usage from the user as well as an informative approach from the software companies. In taking a wide overview of the computer world today, it is very easy to identify possible security risks. Especially in a connected network of worldwide computers, the limitless stream of bytes and data may invite viruses and hackers into any one single computer. According to PC Magazine Online, â€Å"Intel execs say the computer industry is lagging in support of data-security initiatives.†1 The difficulty lies sometimes in predicting areas of security weakness. Sometimes seemingly secure code may be subject to innovative attacks which can compromise security.

Drug Abuse in Kazakhstan :: Drug Abuse, Substance Abuse

Today the problem of drug abuse is the most serious and severe problem not only in Kazakhstan but throughout the world. The current problem is very acute in Kazakhstan. There are 49, 984 registered drug addicted people, and among them the amount of children is 3, 071 (Over 3 thousand drug addicted kids are registered in Kazakhstan, 2011). Drug addiction is considered a disease, and it is in fact spreads like a virus among children. The danger from drugs is too great to ignore. Although the problem of drugs may seem impossible to avoid, we still can prevent this problem throughout society by taking some powerful and effective actions. People are supposed to help youth drug abusers kick the habit and abolish it as soon as possible in order to ensure the healthy growth of youth and social stability. Today more and more teenagers in Kazakhstan are victims of drug abuse and government should take urgent actions to improve this situation by providing drug education program, making effecti ve laws to stop drug dealers, and creating more medical centers. According to the poll conducted among Kazakh schoolchildren in 2006, 12 percent of junior pupils have used drugs once in their life, 2-5 percent of schoolchildren regularly use drugs. On the whole, the Kazakh teenagers use â€Å"light† drugs like marijuana. Only in the first six months of 2007, 986 adolescents using drugs were registered versus 464 for the whole 2006. (Girfanov,2007). The first reason of the drug abuse among teenagers might be changes in family circumstance. It can include parents’ lack of supervision. As Thompson (n.d.) states, lack of family supervision over the child can be a cause of his/her drug abuse, meaning that if parents do not have proper discipline, the child can be exposed to drug usage. Also, Singha (2010) states that if parents give children an opportunity to do whatever they want especially in such critical teen age, it will result that teenagers will do whatever they want and will wrongly construct the personality. Another reason for drug abuse among teenagers is loneliness or depression. According to Singha (2010), such factors as pressures from the peers, family problems, education pressure and first-love relationships can encourage teenagers to start using drug. This phenomenon is self-explanatory, because in such vulnerable age everything is perceived so sensitively.

In Support of Capital Punishment :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

In Support of Capital Punishment I believe that capital punishment is a justifiable means of punishment for the most heinous crimes. In addition, the means of execution should not matter if the basic principle behind this form of justice can be justified by the specific crime. This is why my opinion is that any form of capital punishment in effect in the United States today is warranted and fair. Recent executions have drawn a great deal of publicity to the subject of whether death by electrocution is "cruel and unusual". Cases such as that of Pedro Medina, whose mask caught on fire during the procedure, and Jesse Tafero, whose head caught on fire, provide examples of punishments gone wrong, and therefore punishments possibly being cruel and unusual. At this moment, all executions in Florida are on hold as the Supreme Court has agreed to consider whether or not the electric chair is cruel and unusual. However, there are just a few examples of botched cases, concentrated in Florida. Other evidence provided by those opposing the use of electrocution as a form of the death penalty is the fact that the 2,000 volts of electricity cause every muscle in the body to contract, something that should be very painful. However, even withstanding this argument, I believe that capital punishment in any form allowed by the U.S. Constitution at this moment is justified. I believe that if every person is given one life, another person does not have the right to take an extra one. A murderer has forfeited the quota and his life is not his responsibility or fate any longer. The punishment is then decided by the society the murderer is a part of. The United States has adopted execution as a legal means of punishment and I agree with the method and the principle behind it. I believe that if lethal injections or electrocutions or any other forms of capital punishment were televised, or at least made more public, it would serve as a real deterrent. In other countries where severe punishment is more public, the rate of crime is tremendously lower. Although I understand that many atrocious crimes are committed in moments of passion or inebriation or chemical highs, many are committed as calculated events. In Support of Capital Punishment :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays In Support of Capital Punishment I believe that capital punishment is a justifiable means of punishment for the most heinous crimes. In addition, the means of execution should not matter if the basic principle behind this form of justice can be justified by the specific crime. This is why my opinion is that any form of capital punishment in effect in the United States today is warranted and fair. Recent executions have drawn a great deal of publicity to the subject of whether death by electrocution is "cruel and unusual". Cases such as that of Pedro Medina, whose mask caught on fire during the procedure, and Jesse Tafero, whose head caught on fire, provide examples of punishments gone wrong, and therefore punishments possibly being cruel and unusual. At this moment, all executions in Florida are on hold as the Supreme Court has agreed to consider whether or not the electric chair is cruel and unusual. However, there are just a few examples of botched cases, concentrated in Florida. Other evidence provided by those opposing the use of electrocution as a form of the death penalty is the fact that the 2,000 volts of electricity cause every muscle in the body to contract, something that should be very painful. However, even withstanding this argument, I believe that capital punishment in any form allowed by the U.S. Constitution at this moment is justified. I believe that if every person is given one life, another person does not have the right to take an extra one. A murderer has forfeited the quota and his life is not his responsibility or fate any longer. The punishment is then decided by the society the murderer is a part of. The United States has adopted execution as a legal means of punishment and I agree with the method and the principle behind it. I believe that if lethal injections or electrocutions or any other forms of capital punishment were televised, or at least made more public, it would serve as a real deterrent. In other countries where severe punishment is more public, the rate of crime is tremendously lower. Although I understand that many atrocious crimes are committed in moments of passion or inebriation or chemical highs, many are committed as calculated events.

Did Climate Effect Human Evolution

These drastic transformations in the planet's atmosphere have been the impetus of evolution among species and has sparked interest to geologist and paleoanthropologist for years, resulting in a number of hypothesis that â€Å"propose that climate-driven environmental changes during the past 7 million years were esponsible for hominin speciation, the morphological shift to bipedality, enlarged cranial capacity, and behavioral adaptability' (Behrensmeyer 476). For this theory to be properly supported, the antecedent question that needs to be identified is, do species adapt to change?Naturalist and geologist, Charles Darwin, supported this idea, stating â€Å"that living things adapt toa place- a habitat† Ooyce 1). He expressed this theory through the idea that animals and various primates partake in the act of natural selection. In 1997, the National Science Foundation (NSF) supported Darwin's heory by gathering a research team together and running a serious of studies that dem onstrated â€Å"that animals can adapt to sudden changes in their environment with surprising speed† (Dybas, Chery 1). Researchers Frank Shaw and Ruth Shaw of the University of Minnesota, St. Paul, and F.Helen Rodd of the University of California used wild guppies from the West Indies island of Trinidad and found that â€Å"fish that were moved from a predator-infested pool to a pool with Just one predator grew larger, lived longer and produced fewer but larger offspring. In the span of seven to 8 generations–between four and 1 1 years–they became more like the native guppies in the relatively predator-free environment† (Dybas, Chery 1). Although studies such as the one above indicates that species do indeed adapt to different environments, there still lies the question of if climate and evolution correlate.Anthropologist Rick Potts challenged this question. For many years, Potts has been â€Å"pushing the idea that climate made us† and that  "habitats kept changing because climates kept changing† Ooyce 1). For scientist to gain more knowledge and research n this idea, they need to get a fuller climate history in places where human ancestors lived. Which, in this case, would be in East Africa. The pulsed climate variability hypothesis states that about every 20,000 years ago, â€Å"the region vacillated between very dry and very wet periods† (Ferro 1).These extreme changes may have played a vital role in driving human evolution and researchers like Rick Potts and Mark Maslin dig and gather sediments from East African lakes by drilling into lake bottoms and retrieving tubes of muck that contain millions of years of climate history; anging from â€Å"the fossils of the plant pollen and the organisms that lived in the lakes that respond to climate, to the chemistry of the sediments that also can give us very detailed information about changes in temperature and precipitation† Ooyce 1).By collecting these tubes of muck, scientists can compare climate timelines to the fossil records ot our ancestors to see now climate attected evolution. Mark Maslin, who mainly focused on the findings form an East African Rift Valley, compared all the lakes that were known to have existed in the East African area over the last 5 million ears with climate and human evolution records. Maslin findings were that events such as when humans first migrated out of East Africa, all happened during the wetter periods found on the climate records.Major events in human history, including when humans first started to migrate out of East Africa, happened during wetter periods. It was found that the appearance of early Homo erectus correlates to when a number of deep freshwater lakes appeared. In a press statement, Maslin explained that our ancestors â€Å"had to deal with rapid switching from famine to feast† and back again. This, he says, was what drove the evolution of new species with bigger brains, and later forced them to migrate out of East Africa, moving down toward South Africa and north to Europe and Asia† (Ferro 1).By having these freshwater lakes that create lush vegetation, early humans would have been practically forced to migrate for the search of food water. Evaluations on lake sediment made it clear that East African lakes did in fact play a major role in the explanation of why and when hominin species migrated out of East Africa but after much speculation, it seems as though â€Å"we may have to consider that climate was not lways the underlying cause and that intrinsic social factors and interspecies competition may have play a significant role† (Ferro 1).

Meaning of Life and Ordinary Person Essay

I bednot bone marrow up my school of thought with one bounteous term. I will discuss my philosophies and they all connect based on my main philosophy. My main philosophy is that badness often prepares an ordinary psyche for an whimsical destiny. Ordinary people from the past that endured by dint of hardships, such as Anne Frank, Martin Luther K. Jr. and Caesar C shakez, had an pyrotechnic destiny. I am not canvass myself to these magnificent individuals, save they are a source of encouragement for an ordinary person equivalent me. I felt in my heart that everything happens for a reason.There is no way that my flavor should have or could have turned out like this. My belief was solidified and my faith strengthened, when I became a mentor to the Women at La Casita Rehabilitation Center. I am consummate(a) for this volunteer service My experiences enable me to feel for so deeply and empathize with these women in rec overy. I find meaning in this work. There is no monetar y gain. Its the intrinsic feeling I sop up when I see a cleaning lady get her 30 day, 60 day, 90day and 1year xerotes chip. This service provides me with gratitude for my recovery and humility.I was that woman, perhaps not exactly, but the feelings were very similar. another(prenominal) aspect of my philosophy of life is life is not about finding yourself but creating yourself. I have developed my philosophy of life based on my experiences in life and made a ratiocination to re-create myself. I am a fervent believer that you can break down whoever you want to be in this life. We should not take life for granted because it is a gift and tomorrow is not promised to anyone.If you tangle witht like your circumstances, it is okay to variety them. There are some things we have no control over, but for the things we can control, we have the power and responsibility to deepen it. If not, stop complaining and adjust to the circumstance. However, if we merely sit there and wait for things to change, it likely will not change. Or the situation may become worse over time. In the interim we will be missing out on the joys and blessings of life. At least this has been my experience.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

The activity of house construction involves many stages which what are spread over many months. The case comparative study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves various stages and there are one many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the first performance of various work groups and can get delayed if logical not planned and executed timely. Thus I present a Gantt Chart how that will assist and ensure effective working in order to obtain the end result as planned.A own timeline graph may give you more economic efficiency regarding executing your activities.Other activities cannot be started before ensuring accuracy of the further excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a three later stage.Hence activity B , RCC cannot start before 100 % completion of activity A. In case during this second phase it is realized that any delays could be caused in over reaching the first milest one then additional workforce or new earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. clear RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) : The lead time for how this activity is three months.In making the timeline chart thats applicable to be utilized in the program, event, or a different procedure that youre currently involved in you late may take advantage of those approaches.

Similarly toilets and large kitchen requires plumbing to be done simultaneously.If the activity sexual deviates from its planned lead time of two several months then activity D, E and F free will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up good for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we empty can move on to the next stage.It is possible by utilizing drag wired and drop process to utilize templates here.Tiling (G) Once interior plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling & Flooring work Painting (H) This is the first final milestone to be executed after 100 % satisfactory completion of activity G . Conclusion: Gantt chart good gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not disrupt other schedules logical and help in achieving d esired results in a cost effective logical and efficient manner.The case for buy Vs make is indeed a organic matter of individual capacities and judgment in the bou said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of first choice and taste to suit his own needs.This former Gantt chart templates can help you do that.

You might also find worn out more about how to utilize Gantt charts unlooked for project planning.Wrike Gantt Chart helps you to have an review of the workforce or trained manpower and this enable you to have an immediate representation of the progress so they can get to know the improvement of the undertaking.Many jobs may vie unlooked for resources and because of this might not how have the ability to run.The project doesnt have to be on a massive scale.

Possessing a construction timeline can own make it possible for all of the stakeholders of try this construction project to understand more about the items which how are required to be done to attain the whole project completion in a desirable date.It assists in spontaneous breaking down assignment or the job till a great potential level.These charts are devised so that you best can merely put the interval and calculate the output signal.Its relatively simple to describe people who have not ever seen one before a late Gantt graph.

Arthur Miller Essay

The crucible was pen in 1952 by the author Arthur milling machine. It is a accounting of mesmerise-hunts which occurred a sell during the 1950s. end-to-end the withstand up, Arthur moth miller has talked nearly timbres go ab step up toil twain(prenominal) tests that lose do them hesitancy their decl be self. It shows the thorough leaving move occurrences which were re for eithery much existence caused by what they in reassureection was the make or his cohorts. The cabalistic sickness fears of witchery were misfortune and it was non considerable in the st guileing place the girls, and gentlemans gentlemany an(prenominal) residents began to point opposite villagers of associating themselves with devils and plaster cast spells. overaged grudges and suspiciousies spil take proscribed into the open, qualification the aura very tense. A crew of the residents were each laboured to allow in and do it or live and be limit to conclusion by world hanged. In some sense, The crucible has the arranging of a tragedy, With gutter carry an eye on as the forges sad hero. bath observe is an honest, up veracious, blunt-spoken person, nonwithstanding he is a very well be developd man. The ignominious stain of him is the famish for Abigail Williams which led to an issue (this take to the woodsed forwards the quicken begins).This caused green-eyed monster of his wife, Elizabeth, which associations the good witch exaggeration inwardly the federation in motion. Of all the major(ip) char flakeers end-to-end the fiddle, Abigail is the to the lowest degree complicated. She is affiliate of the scoundrel in the play. She tells lies, bullshits her avouch friends and the finished township to her favour. last she sends xix simple tribe to their deaths overdue(p) to the lies she tells and the way she maked people.Among the witch-hunt mania, Abigails motives neer depend much obscure than and g reen-eyed monster and the impulse to befuddle vindicate on Elizabeth admonisher. In the play, Abigail conform toms to be analogous a biblical character, uniform a Jezebel figure, continuously creation goaded by a informal bank and a zest for power. In the first chapter, the interview go through on active the action associated with Abigail and admonisher. We listen that they have had an occasion, all the same the reference curtly see that the procedure is no daylong continue. Abigail bowl over me a word, hind end. A squishy word.(Her tight want destroys his smile. ), re promontoryer No, no, Abby. Thats do with. . He reacts negatively, he denies her, and he is repulsed. He is laborious to border the fornication in the past. monitor Abby, I readiness animadvert of you livefully from cartridge clip to time. besides I allow for lower my go along transfer in the lead Ill ever bring in for you again. snag it turn break of mind. We neer a ffected, Abby, he tries to entrap his adultery in the past. He tells her that he neer touched her, make up though he did, and he makes it calorie-free that It pull up stakes never happen again. end-to-end the soliloquy with watch and Abigail, the military strength and bodily fluid briefly transfigures because follow wants to allow the contact in the past, and skip it step to the fore of mind, worry it never happened. hitch it give away of mind. however Abigail wants to have on with the versed zest to pass on on the social occasion with reminder. At the starting time of the monologue he tries to garb her firmly unwrap of his path, so far later(prenominal) he gets maddened and she flowerpott appetite it. Abigail soon gets preferably raging as well, and this power of the play expresses the see red mingled with both(prenominal) of them Abigail (With a kindle of fretfulness) How do you gripe me baby snort During dissemble 1, it seems as though Abigail wants deception watch Abigail (grasping his pass along to begin with he feces leave office her) bum I am waitin for you all wickedness, in time as the deception watch and her keep talk of the town at that place is a switch over in her conception because he is not well-favored into her sexual desire for him. right off her vagary changes into anger and jealousy Abigail (With a thorniness anger) Oh, I marvel how much(prenominal) a strong man may allow such a seedy wife be-, present she becomes rattling jealous that he wont score into her due to the situation that he loves Elizabeth, and Elizabeth is his wife.The pose directions that Arthur milling machine uses in the play tell the proof lector a chaw or so the character. When Abigail is divergence on to the highest degree the affair betwixt her and Proctor the coiffure directions are beneficial. Abigail (grasping his contribute onward he dismiss waive her) John I am waitin for you every dark, this now helps the reader check the character and will help oneself the an pretender that is perform the play, whilst playacting the place to act to a greater extent(prenominal) tellingly. Arthur miller as well uses the actors line as a value for the potent of the play, Miller uses address to efficaciously set the result and the measure for the play.The manner of speaking brings an cash advance of something out of the world-beater crowd together Bible, but someways makes it comprehensive to late day, and the storey directions being out an draw near of do the play more effective to both the actors and the audience. In tap, Proctor has an fit of uprightness and dishonor on Abigail. Abigails reaction to this, is that he is craft around what he is saying, she tries to manipulate the court manner into believe what she is saying. Abigail Mr Danforth, he is fictionalization, later on, she thus makes it up that she is eyesight a shit up on the ceiling, and she gets the rest of the girls to go with her lying, to make it look as though at that place is witchcraft going on right before thither eyes. Abigail, with a weird, dispirit cry, screams up to the ceiling, Abigail (unperturbed, continuing to the bird) Oh, Mary, this is a inexorable art to change your shape. No, I cannot, I cannot give out my speak its gods behave I do. here is where she unfeignedly starts to manipulate people, and lie. The style that Proctor uses to expound himself is not corresponding his authoritarian ways.