Renaissance Artists Brunelleschi and Ghilberti Essay Example For Students

Renaissance Artists Brunelleschi and Ghilberti Essay Sculpture was of great importance in the development of Renaissance art, of which two men, Bruneleschi and Ghilberti were major contributors (Great Artists of the Italian Renaissance, Page 38, and Lecture 3). There was a competition that was open for artists to enter to design a panel for the north entrance to the Baptistry (which had three entrances). There were seven entrants in the competition and the two final contestants were Brunelleschi and Ghiberti. In Brunelleschis depiction of Isaac and the characters and scenes surrounding him, there is an abruptness of an angel rushing in to grab Abrahams arm as Brunelleschi depicts a raw brutality when Abraham grabs Isaac around the throat, his head thrown back as he attempts to use the knife to kill him. Ghibertis panel, on the other hand, was more suave, more carefully balanced, less crowded, more idealized (none in the Brunelleschi), and more beautiful. The Isaac portrayed, even though small, was one of the first nude renaissance figures. Ghilbertis drama is less immediate than Bru, but it is more legible which is of great importance in this small scene, and in the other panels. It is easier to read on the doors from some distance. (Great Artists of the Italian Renaissance, Lecture 3). Ghiberti won the competition and worked on the door for a quarter of a century from 1403 to 1424. Out of this he was commissioned to do the south doors, without competition. It is understandable why it took so long to complete these doors as the work was not only tedious but the detail that had to be put into each panel for each story had to take great, consuming concentration to create such detail. You can see the features of the individuals, as well as the surrounding scenery in each panel which is read from left to right. The panels contact scenes from Genesis to Creation to their expulsion, Cain and Abel, Noah, Abraham, Jacob, Moses, Joshua, David and Solomon are portrayed on these panels. Great Artists of the Italian Renaissance, Lecture 3). The design of the doors was radially different from the design of the earlier baptistery doors since the 28th panel and the quadrafoil shape within which the sculptural figures had to be fitted in the earlier doors was abandoned. The new doors had 10 panels, 5 in each valve, and were square and much larger fields similar to those used in paintings. It allowed Gilberti to develop a pictorial style of relief sculpture with remarkable illusions of architectural and landscape space. rtists. Each of the panels was completely guilded creating an exquisite and splendid appearance. (Great Artists of the Italian Renaissance, Page 38, and Lecture 3). I chose Lorenzo Ghilberti for being a student of the bible (Word of GOD), the subjects of his panel work (called the Gates of Paradise0 was fascinating to me. Even though I have seen most, if not all, of the stories ? as paintings, Ghilberti created a totally different dimension and perspective within each delicate and intricate creation for the individual panels.. Each detail was beautifully sculpted so that each figure almost pops out of the panel and comes alive. Learning about and seeing this type of art work also helps me to understand why GOD does not want man to use graven images because many times the truth may not be depicted completely from what a man or woman imagines; for instance, the above-mentioned competition panel which portrays grabbing Isaac to slit his throat. Its a little shocking to me as Abraham was not mad nor angry when he took Isaac up on the mountain as a sacrifice. In the bible, they are instructed how to do a sacrifice. .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .postImageUrl , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:hover , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:visited , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:active { border:0!important; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:active , .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u62f5bc317db48bd7f3225fd2c5c1b17c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Baroque Music and Renaissance Period EssayOne type of sacrifice using a lamb, ram or other animal had the person to bind their feet and place them on the altar. Sacrifices had their throats humanely cut to drain the blood, as they were not allowed to eat blood. Isaac would have been bound and laid on the altar then sacrificed for he asked his father, Abraham, where the sacrifice was to which Abraham, trusting GOD, answered that GOD would provide the sacrifice. Quite a contract to what is being portrayed in the panels; but, nevertheless, the artistry portrayed gives a different sense of their passion in the art work they displayed in the Renaissance.

Edgar Alan Poe Biography Essay Example For Students

Edgar Alan Poe Biography Essay The Life Of Edgar Alan Poea Biography1809 1849 He gained some fame from the publication in 1845 of a dozen stories as well as ofThe Raven and Other Poems, and he enjoyed a few months of calm as a respected criticand writer. After his wife died in 1847, however, his life began to unravel even faster as hemoved about from city to city, lecturing and writing, drinking heavily, and courting severalolder women. Just before marrying one, he died in Baltimore after being foundsemiconscious in a tavern possibly from too much alcohol, although it is a myth that hewas a habitual drunkard and drug addict. Admittedly a failure in most areas of his personal life, he was recognized as anunusually gifted writer and was admired by Dostoevsky and Baudelaire, even if not alwaysappreciated by many of his other contemporaries. Master of symbolism and the macabre,he is considered to be the father of the detective story and a stepfather of science fiction,and he remains one of the most timeless and extr aordinary of all American creative artists. Edgar Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on January 19, 1809, the second ofthe three children of David Poe and Elizabeth (Arnold) Poe, both of whom wereprofessional actors and members of a touring theatrical company. Eclipsed by his morefamous wife, his own promising career ruined by alcoholism, Poes father deserted thefamily when Edgar was still an infant; nothing conclusive is known of his life thereafter. While appearing professionally in Richmond, Virginia, Poes mother became ill and died onDecember 8, 1811, at the age of twenty-four. Her three children, who wouldmaintain contact with one another throughout their lives, were sent to live with differentfoster families. Edgar became the ward of John Allan, a successful tobacco merchant inRichmond, and his wife Frances, who had no children of their own. Although neverformally adopted by them, Poe regarded the couple, especially Mrs. Allan, as parents, andhe took their surname as his own middle name. In 1815, business reasons led Allan tomove to England for what would be a five-year stay. Both in London and then inRichmond after the familys return, Poe was well educated in private academies. In 1825,he became secretly engaged to a girl named Elmira Royster. The engagement, opposed byboth families, was subsequently broken off. In 1826, Poe entered the University of Virginia, newly founded by formerPresident Thomas Jefferson. He distinguis hed himself as a student, but he also took todrinking, and he amassed gambling debts of $2,000, a significant amount of money at thetime, which John Allan, although he had recently inherited a fortune, refused to honor. After quarreling with Allan, Poe left Richmond in March 1827 and sailed to Boston,where, in relatively short order, he enlisted in the United States Army (under the nameEdgar A. Perry, and claiming to be four years older than his actual age of eighteen) andpublished a pamphlet called Tamerlane and Other Poems, whose author was cited on thetitle page only as a Bostonian. This little book did not sell at all, but its few survivingcopies are among the most highly prized items in the rare-book market; one accidentallydiscovered copy, bought for a dollar, was recently auctioned for $150,000. Poes militarycareer went more successfully. After two years, he had been promoted to sergeant major,the highest noncommissioned rank. He was honorably discharged in 1829, and decided toseek an appointment to West Point in the hope of becoming a career commissionedofficer. He entered West Point in May of 1830, but chafed under the regimen and, afterdeliberately missing classes, roll-calls, and compulso ry chapel attendance, was expelled inJanuary 1831. He gained some fame from the publication in 1845 of a dozen stories as well as ofThe Raven and Other Poems, and he enjoyed a few months of calm as a respected criticand writer. After his wife died in 1847, however, his life began to unravel even faster as hemoved about from city to city, lecturing and writing, drinking heavily, and courting severalolder women. Just before marrying one, he died in Baltimore after being foundsemiconscious in a tavern possibly from too much alcohol, although it is a myth that hewas a habitual drunkard and drug addict. Admittedly a failure in most areas of his personal life, he was recognized as anunusually gifted writer and was admired by Dostoevsky and Baudelaire, even if not alwaysappreciated by many of his other contemporaries. Master of symbolism and the macabre,he is considered to be the father of the detective story and a stepfather of science fiction,and he remains one of the most timeless and extraordinary of all American creative artists. In 1829, Poe had published a second collection of verse, which attracted littlemore attention than its predecessor. A third volume, funded through contributions fromfellow cadets, appeared in 1831. Among its contents was To Helen, which had beeninspired by Jane Stanard, the mother of one his Richmond schoolmates. Poe referred toher as the first, purely ideal love of my soul. Also in 1831, Poe went to Baltimore, wherehe moved in with his widowed aunt Maria Clemm, his fathers sister, who was to be themost deeply devoted of his several mother-figures, and her eight-year-old daughterVirginia. It was in this period that he began to achieve wider recognition as a writer. In1832, he published five tales in the Philadelphia Saturday Courier. In 1833, he entered acompetition sponsored by the Baltimore Saturday Visiter (sic), winning the second prize inpoetry for The Coliseum and the first prize in fiction for MS. Found in a Bottle. In1834, the publication of The Visionary in Godeys Ladys Book marked the first timethat his fiction appeared in a magazine of more than local circulation. Frances Allan had died in February 1829, and John Allan, who was by this timepermanently alienated from Poe, had remarried in October 1830. On Allans death in 1834,Poe received nothing. Effectively disinherited, unsuited for business or the military, Poeturned to journalism, the one avenue likely to afford a successful career to someone of his interests and abilities. Through therecommendation of the novelist John Pendleton Kennedy, who had been one of the judgesof the Saturday Visiter contest, Poe began in March 1835 to contribute short fiction andbook reviews to the Richmond-based Southern Literary Messenger. In a period ofAmerican literature not notable for them, Poe exhibited coherent aesthetic principles andhigh critical standards, and within months his vigorous and uncompromising reviewsbegan to increase the Messengers circulation and t o enhance its reputation, prompting itspublisher to make Poe his principal book reviewer and editorial assistant. By the end ofthe year, Poe, who had moved to Richmond with Virginia and Mrs. Clemm, was namededitor in chief. In May of 1836, he secretly married Virginia, his first cousin, who was thennot quite fourteen years of age. .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .postImageUrl , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:hover , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:visited , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:active { border:0!important; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:active , .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3369dcb6e748580ad3237755f667878e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Death Of Salesman (4885 words) EssayDissatisfied both with his salary and with limits on his editorial independence, heresigned from the Southern Literary Messenger in January 1837. Struggling to supportVirginia and Mrs. Clemm through freelance writing, he moved his family first to NewYork and then to Philadelphia as he sought another editorial position. Despite financialdifficulties, Poe was able in this period to advance his own writing career, publishingreviews, poems, and especially fiction in various journals and in several volumes. In 1839,he began to write regularly for Thomas Burtons Gentlemans Magazine, contributing afeature article and a number of book reviews ea ch month. Once again, Poes editorshipbrought dramatic advances in both quality and circulation, but he was dismissed from thisposition in June 1840 after once again quarreling with his publisher. Failing in attempts tofound his own journal, in 1841 Poe became an editor of Grahams Magazine, a new journalformed by George Graham through a merger of his magazine The Casket with theGentlemans Magazine, which he had bought from Burton. Once more the pattern playeditself out: the magazine thrived under Poes direction, he wanted a higher salary and a freereditorial hand, and he left his positionalthough this time on relatively good terms withthe publisher. Poes personal fortunes once more suffered reverses as his writing careeradvanced. In January 1842, Virginia suddenly began to hemorrhage from the mouth, thefirst indication that she had contracted tuberculosis. She was seriously ill for a time, andwould never again be truly healthy. Poe also had renewed difficulties in his attempts tofind steady employment. But in 1843 he published several works, including The Tell-TaleHeart, in James Russell Lowells short-lived journal The Pioneer, and in June of that yearhis story The Gold-Bug won a $100 prize in a contest sponsored by the PhiladelphiaDollar Newspaper. Widely reprinted, it made Poe famous with a broad fiction-readingpublic, but he did not become financially secure. Owing to lax copyright standards at thetime that allowed for widespread reprintinga condition that Poe himself editorializedaboutwriters did not profit directly from the popularity of their work. In 1844, Poemoved to New York, where he lectured on American poetry and con tributed articles tonewspapers and magazines. The year 1845 would bring both triumphs and the beginning of a final downwardspiral in Poes life. His poem The Raven appeared in the New York Evening Mirror inJanuary, and was an instant success with both readers and critics. He began writing for theBroadway Journal, became its editor in July, and shortly thereafter fulfilled a longstandingdream by becoming its owner as well. But a series of articles in which he groundlesslyaccused Henry Wadsworth Longfellow of plagiarism did harm to Poes reputation, andVirginias health problems became severe. Financial difficulties, his worry over Virginia,and his own precarious physical and emotional state caused him to cease publication of theBroadway Journal after less than six months as its proprietor. He moved out of New YorkCity to a cottage in then-rural Fordham (now a heavily urban section of the Bronx), wherein the midst of poverty, ill health, and Virginias now grave illness, he still somehowc ontinued to earn a small income writing reviews and articles. A satirical piece on fellowwriter Thomas Dunn English provoked from its subject a scurrilous personal attack in theEvening Mirror, which led Poe to sue the publication. Although he would win the suit andcollect damages the following year, the whole episode was a great strain upon Poesalready fragile nervous system. On January 30, 1847, Virginia died, plunging Poe into an emotional and physicalcollapse that lasted for most of the year. In 1848, he was briefly engaged to marry SarahHelen Whitman, a widowed poet several years his senior, but their relationship was tenseand strained, and the engagement was broken off. He went to Richmond in the summer of1849, hoping to find financial backing for yet another journal, and while there he wasreunited with and re-engaged to Elmira Royster, his first love, now herself a widow. Hesailed from Richmond to Baltimore, where on October 3, 1849, he was found outside apolling place (it was election day), in a state of delirium and wearing shabby and ill-fittingclothing. He was taken to a nearby hospital, where he raved feverishly for several daysbefore dying on October 7 at the age of forty. Neither the circumstances that had led to hiscondition nor the exact cause of his death have ever been satisfactorily determined. Poesposthumous reputation sustained grievou s and long-lasting damage from a libelousbiography by Rufus Griswold, whom Poe himself had appointed his literary executor, andrumors, mostly unfounded, circulate to this day about Poes mental state and personalhabits.

How Can I Get a Fast Essay From Toefl?

How Can I Get a Fast Essay From Toefl?A lot of people wonder if they can get a fast essay after getting one from Toefl. It has become a good option for many people who want to know how to get a fast essay but are not sure how to go about it.A lot of students need to write a short story or essay on a topic that interests them. A lot of students might be in the position where they are short of time and have too much work to do. They need to get the writing part done while they are busy with other things.A lot of students will find that their essays are not enough, especially if the topic has been chosen with a lot of thought. When a student gets a deadline for a writing assignment, it would be unfair to deny them writing help. Since so many of them have decided to choose this option to meet deadlines, it is not surprising that other people have also been able to find them resources where they can get essay help.There are quite a few places where you can find help for essay writing. But this option is often best if you know what you want to achieve. You need to know if you are looking for advice for essay writing or if you are looking for help with creating a short story. There are several ways through which you can get help, but you need to be clear what you want before you jump into any of them.Before you look at essay help, you need to find out how long it will take you to write your essay. This should not be a question, since it is always best to get something done as soon as possible. There are essay tips that can show you what you should write about in a minute or a paragraph, but it is up to you to decide how long it will take you to get the essay completed. If you cannot find out the answer, you can simply ask others for their opinion on what they think it should take.After knowing how long it will take you to write your essay, you need to know if there are any essay tips that you can find to help you do it faster. Some teachers, tutors and parents are ava ilable to teach you how to create a better essay. These are professionals who can give you the advice you need to write your essay. You need to follow what they are doing when you are learning and teaching you how to make a better essay.Finally, you should know whether or not there are any essays that can help you meet your deadline and beat other students who have already completed their essays. You do not want to have a deadline to meet, but you should also be aware that you will not get a full score if you do not finish it on time. Most of the time, the longer an essay takes to finish, the higher its score will be. Even if you do not need to worry about it, you should still look for a strategy to finish it quicker so that you can ensure that you will get a high grade and not a low grade.To help you get a fast essay from Toefl, you can go to the website where they give the sample essays for you to see and then analyze them and find out which one suits you best. You can then get th e help you need to write a better essay.

Beckett and the Apocalypse †Literature Informal Essay

Beckett and the Apocalypse – Literature Informal Essay Free Online Research Papers Beckett and the Apocalypse Literature Informal Essay The play Endgame opens up bleak and bare, a glaring introduction to its final impression on the reader or audience. We see the two windows and are almost reminded of a bare human skull. The characters are static; they do not change or progress and their general manner reflects their attitude of hopelessness and their question of meaning. Throughout its single act, the play demonstrates a dominant worldview of inevitable death and absence of meaning through absurd references to the Bible and the general meaninglessness of the characters’ lives. The term â€Å"endgame† is a word used by chess players- it signifies the last part of a chess game, wherein, although the game is not over and there are technically moves remaining, the winner has already been determined. The winner and determined end here in the play is death. In essence, the play is about four characters waiting to die. In fact, one, Nell, does die. Hamm, the owner of the setting and central character in the play, is much like the loser king in a chess match that has moved to the â€Å"endgame† sequence. He has Clov move him around meticulously, positioning him and adjusting his chair. In the end, however, this means nothing- he will die no matter what he does. Death as the inevitable end can be interpreted in two ways. We all will die, individually; upon our birth we inherit the fate of death- we are born into an endgame. However, Beckett creates a bare stage and has his characters describe the seemingly post apocalyptic state of the outside world- the lack of any people, the calm waters, the wasteland desert, etc. Here is a sweeping biblical allusion- referring not to any point in the play specifically, but a general setting and feeling that echoes the book of Revelation. This final book of the New Testament describes the end of the world similarly- at least the audience is meant to envision the state of the Earth following the Apocalypse. Here is another endgame- the end of humanity as a whole. This more universal endgame reflects Beckett’s general nihilistic worldview- that human life is meaningless and absurd. One is reminded of MacBeth’s lament in Shakespeare’s play of the same name, â€Å"Life is full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.† For all the â€Å"sound† and the â€Å"fury†- i.e., all the conversation and the walking and the fetching three-legged dogs in the play, the end is the same: death. In actuality, death is accelerated when Clov is assumed to leave Hamm because they both prolong life for each other, but regardless of this final action, they will die. The inevitability of death is completely independent on any action in itself; this unavoidability compounds the absurdity of life and all of its moves. Beckett also uses the Bible to compound life’s absurdity. The general worldview of the Bible is one of hope- specifically the Gospels of the New Testament. However, when Beckett uses biblical allusions throughout a play with such a nihilistic worldview as Endgame, the hopefulness of the Bible sounds almost silly. The characters in the play do not understand the biblical allusions and thus do not understand the hopeful message of the Bible. For example, Nell’s final word is â€Å"desert!† The exclamation was directed to Clov, who explained to Hamm that, â€Å"She told me to go away, into the desert† (23). This could be an allusion to Christ’s journey into the desert to fast and get closer to God. Clov â€Å"didn’t understand† (24) Nell’s cry, just as no other characters understood any message of hope throughout the play. Although the Bible as a whole contains a hopeful message for mankind, Beckett uses the empirical evidence of t he characters’ lack of purpose and seemingly invalidates the hopefulness of the Bible. The biblical worldview mentions salvation and hope for a new life as part of its basic tenets. However, it also accounts for death, such as in the apocalyptic account of Revelation. The play Endgame uses simply the message of inevitable death found in the Bible and creates a meaningless, pathetic universe. We are treated to a barrage of senseless acts and general words that have no purpose and contribute nothing to the characters’ lives- we leave gaping, asking for more but wondering about the general meaning of our own actions. Research Papers on Beckett and the Apocalypse - Literature Informal EssayHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Hockey GameComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMind TravelCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThe Fifth HorsemanCapital PunishmentThe Spring and Autumn

Analysis of A Korean War Captive in Japan, 1597-1600 essay

Analysis of A Korean War Captive in Japan, 1597-1600 essay Analysis of A Korean War Captive in Japan, 1597-1600 essay Analysis of A Korean War Captive in Japan, 1597-1600 essayThe Korean War at the end of the 16th century was the manifestation of Japanese aggression and ideology of the territorial expansion. The war was the manifestation of imperialist ambitions of Japan. On the other hand, the Korean War was not a mere invasion of one country by another. Instead, the war was the clash of two different civilizations. On the one hand, there was Confucianist Korea oriented on the internal development, while, on the other hand, there was Japan oriented on the territorial expansion and creation of the huge empire with Japan dominating in Eastern Asia. However, at the moment of the war, the scope of conflict was unclear and it is only due to such works as A Korean War Captive in Japan, 1597-1600 by Kang Hang. Kang Hang became one of the first authors, who has managed to uncover Japan for Korean people and for Korean monarch above all. At the same time, this book is the insider story told by the outsider because the author was a captive in the war, who was always devoted to his country and monarch but was forced to stay in captivity in Japan, where he learned cultural norms and traditions of Japanese, their lifestyle, ideology and philosophy.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kang Hang has experienced the war in Cholla Province and experienced the horrors of Japanese occupation. The invasion of his country by foreigners, who disregarded the local culture, norms and traditions, has had a considerable impact on the personality of the author and his perception of the invasion, Korean and Japanese culture, which he has mirrored in his book. The Korean War was the clash of totally different forces, countries and cultures. Korea was traditionally oriented on the internal development and was never concerned with invasions. Instead, Japan was traditionally oriented on external invasions and such a trend was determined by scarcity of natural resources that forced Japanese to expand their empire to get wider opportunities to get access to new resources and maintain the fast progress of their country. At the same time, the development of the military conflict between Japan and Korea had a considerable impact on the population of both countries and relations between them. Japan attempted to dominate, while Korea attempted to preserve its independence. In such a context, the invasion of Korea by Japan was a terrible experience for Koreans because they suffered the inhuman attitude to Koreans from the part of Japanese. Japanese treated Koreans as being absolutely inferior to Japanese. This is why the war involved numerous casualties, especially from the part of Koreans, whom Japanese viewed as second-class citizens and, therefore, Japanese did not care much about the life of Korean people. Kang Hang witnessed the horrors of the invasion and suffered from the extermination of his compatriots and sufferings of his people.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, Japanese invasion resulted in the captivity of the author. Therefore, the invasion of Korea was not only the offense against Kang Hang’s country but also the offense against him in person (Yasunori 2). The capture of the author has had a considerable impact on his personal life and his perception of the surrounding world, which he mirrored in his book. The captivity was terrible for Kang Hang as a Korean because he was aware of the fact that Japanese will never treat him as equal. Moreover, he was also aware of the fact that the captivity would ruin his traditional lifestyle and deprive him of an opportunity to stay at home, which was the main value for him as a Korean. This experience has had a considerable impact on his book, where he clearly reveals his position as a captive of the invader, who treated him as a second-class citizen and whose life was not worth anything. He conveys clearly his fears about his future, but, at the same time, he preserves his spiritu ality and system of values, which helps him to view his position philosophically.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, Kang Hang lived as the captive in Japan but, at the same time, he remained Korean, with extensive knowledge of Chinese culture. Moreover, he was a devoted Confucianist and he continued to promote his ideas in Japan, even while he was a captive. As a result, he gained respect of Japanese that helped him to develop close interpersonal relations with Japanese to learn their culture, values, views and beliefs. Kang Hang preserved his traditional beliefs and values. He even tried to expand his influence on his captors promoting his Confucian ideas. Naturally, his captivity experience has influenced his perception of himself, his country as well as Japan and Japanese consistently and the book reveals how his views evolved in the course of time. The difference is particularly striking at the beginning of the book and at the end, when he starts the book as a Korean, who hates invaders and completes the book as a man, who has deserved the respect of his captors but who is still trying to do his best for his country, even if it is just a book. However, this book became the true revelation, which helped Korean monarch to understand better the enemy, their goals, intentions, philosophy and lifestyle. The information Kang Hang supplied the monarch with in his book became very important for the struggle of Koreans against Japanese invasion.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nevertheless, Kang Hang always felt being a stranger in Japanese society. He had different values, beliefs and philosophy and he could not adapt Japanese system of values and philosophy. Therefore, his assimilation was virtually impossible. On the other hand, he has managed to understand better the traditional Japanese system of values and culture. In such a way, he remained an outsider in Japanese society but, on the other hand, he has managed to understand Japanese culture, system of values and philosophy better (Kim 92). In such a way, the position of Kang Hang remained quite controversial but he has managed to view Japanese culture from inside, although he remained a stranger and outsider. Paradoxically, the outsider has managed to have a look on Japan from within. In this regard, his critical thinking skills have played probably the determinant part.   At the same time, Kang Hang was flexible enough in his self-perception that he could view Japanese culture from a different perspective. He has managed to set himself free of many biases and stereotypes Koreans had in regard to Japanese. Instead, he observed their life, traditions, cultural norms and beliefs, their socioeconomic and political system, their military and made his notes, which laid the foundation to his book. In such a way, he has managed to collect the valuable information about the country, which has ruined his life and made him a captive, who has lost his home and his country, but who has remained devoted to his people for the rest of his life.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kang Hang describes Japanese from different standpoints because his perception of Japanese changes and evolves in the course of time. At first, he views them as brutal invaders, who attempt to invade his country and his home. At the beginning of his book, it is possible to trace the impact of traditional Korean views on Japanese as aggressive and dangerous enemies (Turnbull 132). These views prevail at the beginning of the book but steadily the author’s narrative becomes more thoughtful and less emotional. His initial hatred is replaced by interest and transforms into the quest, where the author of the book wants to find out what Japan is and what Japanese people actually are. He has managed to cope with his biases and stereotypes and observe Japanese in their real life environment. These observations helped him to change his views on Japanese and, mo re important, helped him to make other Koreans to view Japanese from a different standpoint.Steadily, he expands his view of Japanese and views them as representatives of the totally different culture compared to that of his own. To put it more precisely, he comes to the point, when he realizes that his Confucianist background with his focus on himself, his home and his country, confronts the different culture and philosophy of Japanese people, who viewed the invasion and expansion of their empire as prior to their personal life, well-being and prosperity of their home or family. The author uncovers the striking difference between Korean and Japanese cultures due to his experience of being a captive of Japanese and the time he has spent in Japan became the valuable time, when he has being learning Japanese as a   nation but not as a hated enemy.Nevertheless, Kang Hang basically tries to explore his captors from the standpoint of a representative of Confucianist philosophy. Remarka bly he does not view them exactly from the standpoint of a captive. He attempts to take his position from a philosophic ground. He has managed to evaluate critically his observations and reject his biases and stereotypes concerning Japanese, which he has learned during his life in Korea. He has also managed to reject his personal negative attitude to Japanese, who actually ruined his life by capturing him and moving to Japan. Instead, he makes objective judgments on the ground of his experience and observations, which he has made in the course of his life in Japan as a captive.At the same time, Kang Hang always remains loyal to his monarch. In this regard, his attempts to view Japanese from the broader, Confucianist perspective are just attempts to get more information about Japanese and to understand them better. While working on his book, he serves rather as a spy of his monarch than a mere writer. At any rate, he manifests his loyalty to the monarch. If he were biased, he could n ever make objective judgments about Japanese and uncover what Japanese actually were. Instead, he would just give the description of Japanese, Koreans and Korean monarch wanted him to make. Instead, he gives a relatively objective description of Japan and its people on the ground of his objective judgments because he views them philosophically.Kang Hang provides the broad scope of information about Japan, starting from the regular life of Japanese people to their political system, ideology, values, beliefs and philosophy. The author also attempts to give insight into the military structure of Japanese army but his focus is broader and expands his scope. He serves as the spy, who focuses on fundamental concepts of Japanese society and culture. His book helps to understand Japanese culture and uncover the essence of Japanese culture and nation. The detailed description of Japan provided by Kang Hang became an important source of information about Japan for Korean monarch and Korean pe ople.Thus, Kang Hang became a captive of Japanese but, instead of describing them as monsters slaughtering Koreans, he has managed to conduct the in-depth study of Japan and Japanese people to create the book that uncovers the truth about the life, ideology, value and culture of Japan and different aspects of life of Japanese. This is why his book is a valuable source of information about the 16th century Japan.

Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacons doctrines Essay

Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacons doctrines - Essay Example Scientific revolution and the influence of Bacon’s doctrines The called enlightenment of the west zone had followed his thoughts via a institutional developments. These developments contributed towards the increase of knowledge and its its scope of accessibility to those people who could make good use of it.industrial revolution could not have developed into sustainable economic growth without this enlightenment. Many historians and philosophers saw this as a transformation or change in world view. According to the historian Herbert Butterfield: â€Å"Since that revolution overturned the authority in science not only of the middle ages but of the ancient world — since it ended not only in the eclipse of scholastic philosophy but in the destruction of Aristotelian physics — it outshines everything since the rise of Christianity and reduces the Renaissance and Reformation to the rank of mere episodes, mere internal displacements within the system of medieval Christendom.... looms so large as the real origin both of the modern world and of the modern mentality that our customary periodization of European history has become an anachronism and an encumbrance† (Butterfield, viii). The new ideas encompassed the idea of looking at matter to be composed of atoms and a complex chemical composition replaced the former Aristotlean view that it as made of the five elements and hence was continuous. Aristotle’s concept of motion (brought about by a cause and would last as long as the cause is there) was also changed (the new concept says that motion was continuous without any need of further cause).

History of International Terrorism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of International Terrorism - Assignment Example s throughout the world and how different religious-extremist or nationalist groups that are still active contribute to the history of international terrorism.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   People often tend to think that terrorism did not exist before the 9/11 incident, that is not true. The roots of terrorism are deep-seated through the annuls of history. The word itself has been given many different meanings. In an online article, â€Å"The history of terrorism is as old as humans willingness to use violence to affect politics† (Zalman, n.d.). Based on what she says, we may trace the history of terrorism to the earliest of times when the common people used force to revolt against the tyranny of their monarch. As a term, terrorism isn’t quite simple to be limited by a definition. For some, it means to stand up for what you believe in and fight for it, to others it’s a crime. For some, it’s a strategy to break the hold of the tyrant, for others it may be tyranny in itself. For some, it’s their duty to God, to others it’s simply fanaticism by the name of God. Clearly, terrorism does not have an apparent definition. Although ter rorism may not be new, its interpretations and definitions throughout history have changed. What was considered an act of terrorism in the past may not fit the modern definition of terrorism. Zalman mentions how terrorism is more of a modern trend and how the mass media facilitates its purpose to invoke fear among the masses and how it is part of the international system itself (Zalman, n.d.). Let’s now look at a few important time periods in the history of international terrorism and the events that occurred before 9/11, it is important to note that it was not always centered around Muslims unlike modern terrorism. The phenomenon of terrorism has existed throughout history. Firstly, 1793: It is said that the foundations for modern terrorism were laid during this time, Zalman mentions, â€Å"The word terrorism comes from the Reign of Terror instigated by